This paper examines the impact of environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure scores on the firm value of European listed companies before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a two-level model and a unique dataset of 264 multinational firms covering the period 2019–2022, we find a negative relationship between ESG disclosure scores and firm value. Nevertheless, the effect of the social and environmental disclosure scores disappears during the crisis, and returns negative during the recovery period. Almost all empirical studies (...) to date have found the inverse effect, suggesting that even though ESG transparency can improve firm reputation, it can also damage it and reduce firm value. We also show that firm-specific factors remain the biggest source of variability in firm value, even during the crisis. Thus, this paper contributes to the existing literature by suggesting that the impact of ESG disclosure on firm value may vary depending on the economic and financial context in which firms operate. More specifically, it shows that the benefits of ESG disclosure, namely the reduction of agency costs, stakeholder trust, and firm legitimacy, which are expected to increase firm value, may not have the predicted effect in a crisis context. Consequently, these findings provide both an empirical and a theoretical contribution to the existing literature on agency theory, signal theory, and legitimacy theory. (shrink)

Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health continues a trajectory of U.S. Supreme Court jurisprudence that undermines the normative foundation of public health — the idea that the state is obligated to provide a robust set of supports for healthcare services and the underlying social determinants of health. Dobbs furthers a longstanding ideology of individual responsibility in public health, neglecting collective responsibility for better health outcomes. Such an ideology on individual responsibility not only enables a shrinking of public health infrastructure for reproductive (...) health, it facilitates the rise of reproductive coercion and a criminal legal response to pregnancy and abortion. This commentary situates Dobbs in the context of a long historical shift in public health that increasingly places burdens on individuals for their own reproductive health care, moving away from the possibility of a robust state public health infrastructure. (shrink)

AbstractEnduring unethical behavior in trading has generated much research interest, and scholars disagree on the reasons for this situation. According to MacIntyre (2015), this has to do with the personal traits of traders, whereas Rocchi and Thunder (2019) argue this is due to permissive work environment that can potentially be changed to favoring ethical trading. We contribute to this debate by exploring how interactions between organizational culture and management control systems (MCSs) may affect the enduring unethical behaviors of traders. We (...) conceptualize this with the concepts of organized hypocrisy (Brunsson 1986, 1989, 1993) and decoupling (Meyer and Rowan 1977). An in-depth case study of fraud (Jerome Kerviel at Societe Generale), informs the empirical inquiry. We develop the concept of organized decoupling to characterize how the MCSs are articulated with the organizational culture favoring unethical behavior, while being used as a ‘safety mechanism’ to manage the legal and reputational risk of the bank. The analysis highlights three key features of the organized decoupling of MCS: physical distance, technical distance and social distance. The study contribution lies in showing that decoupling is not only emergent but might be intended and therefore organized. The findings also raise doubts on the role of MCSs in monitoring trading activities as presented by investment banking institutions and regulators, suggesting more organized hypocrisy, and raising significant concerns regarding the creation of tolerable work environment welcoming ethical behaviors in the investment banking sector. (shrink)

When we conceptualized this symposium, Roe v. Wade1 was still the law of the land, albeit precariously. We aimed to commemorate its fiftieth anniversary by exploring historical, legal, medical, and related dimensions of access to abortion as well as the challenges ahead to secure reproductive justice. With the leak of the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization on May 2, 2022, we shifted to mark the dawn of a new era. In the nearly identical official (...) opinion announced on June 24, 2022,2 Justice Samuel Alito, writing for the majority (6-3), overturned Roe and Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey.3. (shrink)

This article first describes shifts in human rights law that have led to improvements in the realization of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) over the last decade. The article does so, however, with careful attention to the structural factors beyond formal legal mechanisms that may undermine the ability of governments, even with the best of intentions, to fully develop the necessary robust health and justice systems. Second, this article considers two additional factors: the political economy factors that enable (...) or limit the ability of States to realize SRHR, as well as the growing evidence base that supports positive legal transformation. (shrink)

Many policy areas, such as social policy, span across multiple government agencies and require effective collaboration to meet strategic priorities in public service delivery. This is a complex challenge that necessitates a cultural shift within government organisations to facilitate cohesive efforts and achieve established policy objectives. In this context, the exploration of innovative experiences of “deliverology” such CompStat in US cities, Blair’s Delivery Unit and its successors in the UK, and the Results Programmes in New Zealand are worth examining; as (...) these approaches are known to be some of the best. Their exploration elucidates the methodologies employed by each country and traces their evolution over the past two decades, alongside the lessons learned. The analysis examines the prevalent incentives within various political systems and highlights the necessity of dismantling organisational silos and integrating metrics into a unified dashboard. The analysis also focuses on strategies to align different government agencies in achieving outcomes that are meaningful to citizens, promote resource alignment and collaboration, and incorporate innovative practices to enhance overall effectiveness. (shrink)

The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises have become increasingly relevant in the debate on the role of business in society. This instrument for responsible business conduct (RBC) is considered to be unique due to its implementation mechanism, the National Contact Point (NCP) procedure. The NCP procedure applies a pragmatic stakeholder engagement approach to contribute to the effectiveness of the OECD Guidelines. However, little is known about the effects of the NCP procedure. To fill this gap, this study provides insights into (...) the ex‐post effects of the Dutch NCP procedure on solving non‐compliance issues, the RBC performance of MNEs, and societal impact. This study developed a framework of different layers of effects. It used this framework to gather and analyze empirical data through interviews with parties that have participated in non‐compliance procedures. The effects found are mainly related to solving issues, while the effects on RBC within MNEs and their societal impact seem limited. Based on the findings, this study concludes that the full potential of the OECD Guidelines remains unrealized in most of the investigated cases. (shrink)

A health justice approach requires a progressive critique of expertise. This article considers two recent high-profile cases – the mask mandate and medication abortion -- to understand how we should think the mobilization of expertise in the context of public health law. Following from this, the article offers news ways to better understand how to think of the relationship between health law, expertise, and politics.

Muslim women and Muslim members of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community face a specific form of dual subordination in relation to their gender and sexuality. A Muslim woman might seek solace from India's patriarchal religious judicial structures only to find that the secular system's patriarchal structures likewise aid in their subordination and create a space for new forms of such subordination. Similarly, a marginalized LGBT Muslim might attempt to reject an oppressive religious formulation only to come to (...) find that the secular Indian state might criminalize a particular form of sexuality. This analysis explores how Indian laws "give meaning" to sexuality through the legal structures manifested by state and religious regulatory bodies and argues that both religious and state legal institutions need to be reformed to create a legal environment that furthers rather than inhibits a full realization of sexual rights. (shrink)

Shifting laws and regulations increasingly displace the centrality of women's health concerns in the provision of abortion services. This is exemplified by the growing presence of deceptive Crisis Pregnancy Centers alongside new informed consent laws designed to dissuade women from seeking abortions. Litigation on informed consent is further complicated in the clinical context due to the increased mobilization of facts – such as the gestational age or sonogram of the fetus – delivered with the intent to dissuade women from accessing (...) abortion. In other words, factual information utilized for ideological purpose. To preserve a woman's autonomy and decision-making capacity, there must be a concerted effort on the part of legislators and courts to place a woman's health at the center of abortion law and policy. (shrink)

This study seeks to expand the discourse on the reception of Zoharic literature and Lurianic Kabbalah in North Africa in the early modern period by considering non-kabbalistic scholars who espoused both a traditional worldview and, alongside this, philosophical and kabbalistic approaches. A eulogy by R. Samuel Ben-Zaken of Fez (c.1670–1733) illustrates how one such scholar reconciled the Zoharic and the Lurianic views on the issue of human perfection with the traditional view.

On February 11, 2021, guided by Article 146 of the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia, the Government of the Republic of Armenia implemented Resolution “On approval of the digitalization strategy of Armenia, the Strategy Action Plan, and Result Indicators” (No. 183-L). This was a key and decisive step in regulating and managing the digitalization process. The digitalization strategy of the Republic of Armenia is based on three main directions: government, economy, and society. The research conducted by the authors concerns (...) three main dimensions of digital transformation in the public administration system: key issues in the formation of digital government, threats and obstacles arising in the almost complete absence of cybersecurity, and the improvement of the digitalization of internal public administration systems to significantly reduce and completely eliminate unnecessary bureaucratic red tape, eliminate potential sources of corruption risks, form and continuously develop an optimal system for controlling digitalization processes, and increase the efficiency of certain existing digital systems. Ultimately, the mission of Armenia’s digitalization strategy is to ensure the necessary conditions for effective and tripartite cooperation through the improvement of the digitalization processes of the three-layer chain of government-economy-society. Based on the conclusions made in the research, the authors provided several recommendations in the field of digital transformation of public administration. (shrink)

The research aims to theoretically substantiate the application of robust clustering algorithms to enhance the effectiveness of teaching methodologies for the Russian language. The authors explore the potential use of mathematical algorithms for predicting student behavior. The problem of forecasting learning activity related to the mastery of linguistic material necessitates the use of analytical tools capable of identifying differences among learners. This approach creates opportunities for designing individualized educational trajectories that consider the cognitive and behavioral characteristics of schoolchildren, which vary (...) depending on the dominance of the right or left hemisphere of the brain. The methodological foundation of this research comprises fundamental research on hemispheric asymmetry and higher mental functions, as well as machine learning theory. The primary research method involves robust clustering algorithms, which allow for more accurate classification of students based on data analysis, including academic performance, task completion time, and common grammatical errors. Methods based on Mahalanobis distance facilitate the selection of individualized Russian language learning trajectories that align with specific didactic tasks set by the teacher. The research opens new perspectives in Russian language teaching methodologies by integrating mathematical modeling to improve the quality of philological education and adapt to the contemporary demands of the digital society. The research is original in that it establishes a connection between the cognitive approach in Russian language teaching methodologies and the application of robust clustering algorithms for predicting student behavior. (shrink)

The research focuses on cyber fraud in the world as a serious threat to the economic security of individuals and countries. In an era of digitalization, where processes of data exchange and storage are increasingly moving online, criminals are continually devising new methods to exploit vulnerabilities in network infrastructures, affecting individuals and organizations. In recent years, there has been a significant rise in instances of cyber fraud, from phishing attacks that now incorporate artificial intelligence, enabling fraudsters to launch more adaptive (...) and personalized schemes, to complex breaches of banking systems. The authors present statistics on cyber threats and the financial losses incurred by individuals and businesses, highlighting the pressing need to address this issue. They argue for developing and implementing effective economic measures, including comprehensive strategies that combine regulation with incentives for businesses and individuals, to help prevent such crimes. (shrink)

The advent of digital systems and the development of online and mobile technologies have made cybercrime a common phenomenon. Cybercrime is an emerging transnational crime. Its complex nature is due to its occurrence in the borderless cyberspace domain and the increasing involvement of organized criminal groups. The research focuses on identifying global trends of emerging cybercrime and identifying the primary target regions and countries affected by cybercrime attacks. The analysis of the UNODC database on cyber-related fraud revealed the leading directions (...) in cybercrime cases. According to available data, Europe is the leader, with 86–95% of global cybercrime cases concentrated there. At the level of individual countries, cybercrime is most widespread in Germany, Spain, and Italy. The Americas account for 4–13% of global cybercrime cases, Asia for 1–7%, and Africa for less than 1%. However, underreporting and gaps in many countries’ data distort the true picture. The research clarifies the geographical distribution of cybercrime’s prevalence, which is essential to making the fight against it more targeted and purposeful. (shrink)

The research examines the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on human identity, focusing on the interplay between technological innovations, institutional structures, and social dynamics. Integrating AI into everyday life has radically altered the processes of self-discovery, the nature of interpersonal interaction, and the foundations of collective identity. Employing an interdisciplinary approach rooted in institutional economics, the research traces the historical evolution of human identity, exploring how technological advancements (from antiquity to the digital age) have shaped our understanding of what (...) it means to be human. Particular attention is given to the contemporary phenomenon of “AI-governed identities,” where algorithmic systems and digital platforms serve as primary mediators in defining self-perception and social interaction. The research also highlights ethical issues associated with the use of AI, including the erosion of individual autonomy, the threats posed by technological homogenization, and the potential for the preservation or exacerbation of social inequality driven by algorithmic bias. In this context, the author emphasized the need for adaptive institutional mechanisms that can balance technological progress with cultural inclusivity and equitable development. To address these challenges, the research proposes a coevolutionary framework that integrates technology and institutional mechanisms, offering practical strategies to minimize risks and sustain identity in the AI era. This research significantly contributes to the discussion of the ethical and social implications of AI, providing valuable recommendations for policymakers and scholars interested in exploring the complexities of identity transformation in the digital age. (shrink)

The research examines the pressing issue of combating cyberterrorism and cyber-extremism amid the digital transformation of society. The authors emphasize the growing threat of cyberattacks employed by terrorist and extremist groups to destabilize society, spread destructive ideologies, and organize criminal activities. The use of profiling technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is proposed as an effective tool to counter these threats. Profiling, based on the analysis of behavior, communication patterns, and digital traces, enables the early detection of potential perpetrators. In (...) turn, AI algorithms can process vast amounts of data, identify anomalies, and predict possible cyberattacks. The research analyzes advanced machine learning methods, such as neural networks and text data analysis, which can be used for the automatic detection of extremist content and suspicious online activity. Special attention is given to the legal aspects of employing these technologies, including issues related to personal data protection and the prevention of abuse. The authors stress the need for a balance between ensuring security and upholding human rights. In conclusion, the authors provide recommendations for integrating profiling and AI technologies into cybersecurity systems, which will enhance the effectiveness of the fight against cyberterrorism and cyber-extremism while minimizing risks to society. The research is of interest to cybersecurity professionals, law enforcement agencies, and researchers engaged in digital transformation and AI. (shrink)

Today’s legal practice faces the need to process huge amounts of information, which makes traditional methods of analysis inefficient. The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) makes it possible to speed up the process of data processing and improve the quality of analysis, minimizing the probability of errors. This makes the research topic especially relevant in the conditions of rapid technological development. The research studies the application of AI technologies in the analysis, interpretation, and creation of legal documents. Achieving this goal (...) involves fulfilling several tasks, including doing research into advanced AI technologies, analyzing successful examples of their implementation in the practice of law, assessing the advantages and disadvantages, and developing recommendations for their efficient integration. The research deals with the following issues: the choice of AI technologies to be most actively used in legal practice, their advantages and limitations, and their impact on traditional ways of analyzing and drafting legal documents. The issues of reliability and interpretability of AI solutions are also given attention. The research results are important for understanding the opportunities and limitations of AI in the legal field. This knowledge can help lawyers to embrace new technologies and efficiently use them to improve the quality of their work. The research also outlines the prospects of potential uses of AI in law. (shrink)

This paper elaborates on the ethical aspects of innovations management in the context of the AI economy and possibilities of ensuring balanced compliance with stakeholders’ interests, analyses the structure of the AI economy as an economic and socio-technological system in which technological core interacts with the elements of macro-environment, reveals the dualistic nature of AI as a driver and result of innovative processes which ensures large-scale transformation of the traditional system of innovations management, and characterises institutional, economic, and technological mechanisms (...) of agreement of stakeholders’ interests, which form potential for effective implementation of ethical norms during the development and use of innovations based on AI.The methodological framework of this research is formed by the system approach, which combines the foundations of innovative management, neo-institutionalism, digital transition, and theories of open innovations and stakeholders. The information framework of the research is formed by scientific and export publications, standards, and provisions of the regulation of the ethical use of AI. The methodology is presented by the system approach, analysis, comparison, observation, generalisation, and the graphical method.The main value of the paper consists in determining the mechanisms of ensuring the ethical approach to innovations management in the conditions of the AI economy, which allow achieving the balance of stakeholders’ interests. The provided provisions are based on understanding ethical issues of the use of AI not from the positions of restrictions of innovative development but from the position of internal resources, which forms additional potential for raising the value of innovations. (shrink)

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized retail banking, shifting service delivery from traditional standardized models to intelligent, hyper-personalized experiences. AI-driven solutions powered by machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), and predictive analytics are redefining customer engagement, satisfaction, and operational efficiency. This research aims to assess the impact of AI-driven personalization on banking performance and customer retention while addressing challenges related to AI governance and ethical considerations. The research employs qualitative research methods, provides a historical analysis of (...) market trends, presents practical examples, and offers forecasts to assess the role of AI in enhancing customer interactions, generating recommendations for financial products, and detecting fraud. Additionally, it examines the pace of AI adoption, analyzes industry statistics, and evaluates the regulatory framework shaping AI-driven banking services. In addition to advantages, this research also examines key challenges associated with AI-driven service personalization in banking and finds out how global regulations impose strict AI governance measures. As a result, financial institutions must prioritize explainable AI (XAI) frameworks, ethical personalization strategies, and bias mitigation techniques. By analyzing these factors and balancing the benefits of AI adoption with the need to minimize associated risks in retail banking, this research proposes a comprehensive roadmap for the transparent, trustworthy, and regulatory-compliant implementation of AI. This roadmap aims to ensure fairness, customer-centricity, and alignment with ethical and legal standards. (shrink)

In the context of global changes, digitalization has become a driving force for economic development, making the issues of digital transformation and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in enterprises and all areas of business extremely relevant. This research analyzes existing interpretations of AI and provides an overview of the basic tools and promising technological trends in AI, including machine learning, computer vision, transformers, and AI agents. The authors formulate and propose conceptual guidelines for implementing AI technologies in enterprises undergoing (...) digital transformation to enhance innovation and financial performance. The research demonstrates the effectiveness of adopting AI as an informational solution that fully contributes to the sustainable development of an enterprise and the achievement of its primary goals. Managing a company’s digital transformation is possible only by creating methodological concepts that integrate AI into business processes at the strategic, tactical, and operational levels. Optimizing business processes based on AI services refines production, generates additional value, increases labor productivity and product quality, and manages supply chains. The research proposes a methodological approach centered on developing a mechanism for optimizing an enterprise’s business processes through the application of AI technologies in the context of ensuring its sustainable development. (shrink)

Technological leadership can be ensured using artificial intelligence (AI). The drivers of strengthening technological sovereignty are innovative platforms, such as industrial parks and technology parks. The policy of technological leadership is associated with a high degree of risk. Thus, the state allocated about 1.2 billion rubles to support developments associated with AI. The research aims to create a model for the development of digital transformation processes in industrial parks and technology parks. A model for the development of territorial infrastructure to (...) support the processes of developing and introducing AI technologies can improve financial indicators on the use of business models that contribute to an increase in the adaptability of business processes to changing conditions. The research emphasized problems and analyzed the prospects for using AI in the field of technological leadership. AI technologies are concentrated in the field of technological leadership policy. AI increases production efficiency. Therefore, to analyze large volumes of information and automate and accelerate work processes, it is necessary to use AI tools. The use of AI technologies aims to promote domestic developments to international markets, which ensures steady growth and global technological leadership. Economic growth points are created by supporting technology parks. Thus, the state forms a favorable environment for developing residents working in industrial and technology parks. (shrink)

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has a large effect on social protection, providing new opportunities and requiring attention to ethical, confidential, and economic aspects. Successful adaptation to this can ensure the improvement of the quality of life and social protection of people. The quick development of digital technologies and AI introduced serious changes in many spheres of life, including healthcare, education, and business. AI can change different industries in different ways. However, it must be used responsibly and in compliance (...) with ethical criteria. Such spheres as healthcare, education, smart cities, etc. are directly connected with the development of AI and can improve the quality of life. Modern technologies transform the traditional ideas of business models, and the generally accepted logic of production processes and managerial decision-making is changed. In some cases, implementation of large projects in certain cases is impossible without the application of AI technologies.Quality of life is an evolving category, which receives new content depending on society’s ideals, the historical period, and approach to its definition. AI can improve people’s lives and the quality of life in many ways. The ethics of AI can be viewed as a set of principles determining the way AI must work. These principles are usually oriented towards safety, justice, and humanistic values, protection of consumer rights, and prevention of possible abuses in the sphere of information technologies. Ethics of AI is understanding the interaction between AI systems and the world and creating inclusive, safe, confidential, and responsible technologies. (shrink)

The research studies the transformation of the concept of human identity under the influence of the development and widespread introduction of artificial intelligence (AI). Advances in AI are significantly altering professional activities, social interactions, and cognitive processes, challenging traditional notions of self-awareness, autonomy, and belonging. This research examines key aspects of AI’s impact on human identity, including work automation, algorithmic personalization of content, digital twins, and neurocomputer interfaces. The authors analyze the philosophical and ethical challenges posed by the proliferation of (...) intelligent systems, addressing the concepts of transhumanism, posthumanism, and eco-philosophy. Particular attention is paid to the loss of autonomy and privacy and increasing social inequalities in the context of algorithmic governance. The authors emphasize the need for a balanced approach to technology development that considers fundamental human values and rights. The research concludes by emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary analysis and normative regulation to ensure that human beings and AI can coexist harmoniously amid rapid technological progress. (shrink)

The research aims to evaluate the accurate percentage at which humans can identify text generated by a neural network system (e.g., ChatGPT) within a collection of textual documents used for managerial decision-making. Additionally, the research aims to propose an assessment algorithm that enhances the quality of document recognition, suitable for integration into decision support system frameworks, justify the role of the implemented control (assessment) operation in the process of preparing and executing managerial decisions, and review potential approaches for automating the (...) proposed assessment. The research methodology involves case study analysis examining instances of digital tools used for detecting generated text, document analysis, content analysis employing Osgood’s dependency analysis method, a sociological scientific-practical field experiment, and semantic and syntactic text analysis. Based on experimental data, this research quantitatively measures the actual proportion of managerial documents generated by neural networks during human visual document recognition. Conclusions are drawn regarding the feasibility of using generated documents in the managerial decision-making process. The authors developed a three-tiered assessment algorithm for managerial documents, utilizing quantitative frequency methods (content analysis) and the construction of a C. Osgood matrix, suitable for application in the development and support systems of managerial decision-making at operational and strategic levels. (shrink)

The research aims to develop a scientific and practical approach to the economic development of the leading industries in the Kyrgyz Republic through the dissemination of artificial intelligence (AI), intended to fully unlock the potential of this growth. To this end, the authors conducted an empirical study based on statistics from the Kyrgyz Republic for 2010–2022. The authors employed trend analysis to examine the dynamics of the economic development of the country’s leading industries during 2010–2022. Using regression analysis, the authors (...) developed a model to assess the impact of the spread of AI technologies on the economic development of these key industries in the Kyrgyz Republic. The main conclusion is that the industrial economy of the Kyrgyz Republic is experiencing a recession due to a reduction in the share of the mechanical engineering, high-tech, and textile sectors within the overall industrial structure. Additionally, AI plays a countercyclical role in the country’s industrial economy by accelerating the development of the food, high-tech, and textile industries. Ultimately, a novel mesoeconomic methodological approach to industrial automation based on AI is proposed, with the advantage of considering the sector-specific characteristics of the Kyrgyz Republic’s industrial growth. The authors demonstrated future economic development prospects of the country’s leading industries through further dissemination of AI up to 2030. This is supported by an original forecast which suggests that, provided a complete transition to “smart” production by 2030, the Kyrgyz Republic will achieve a significant increase in the share of the high-tech and textile sectors within its industrial structure. (shrink)

This research investigates the advanced application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in marketing strategies during the purchase stage, focusing on their effects on consumer behavior and marketing outcomes. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Relational Marketing concepts, the research explores how LLM-powered virtual shopping assistants, dynamic social proof, and hyper-personalized interactions influence conversion rates, average order values, and customer satisfaction. A mixed-methods design integrates quantitative analysis (Structural Equation Modeling) with qualitative thematic insights from interviews and focus groups. Results (...) show that LLM applications enhance consumer trust, streamline decision-making, and significantly improve purchase-related metrics. Ethical challenges (e.g., GDPR compliance and bias mitigation) are carefully addressed to ensure responsible and transparent AI usage. The findings suggest that LLM-driven personalization and real-time engagement represent critical levers for improving purchase-stage experiences and fostering sustainable customer loyalty. This research is of significant theoretical and practical importance, offering actionable recommendations for marketers while highlighting future research directions, including cross-cultural evaluations and the ethical dimensions of AI adoption in marketing contexts. Overall, LLMs are shown to be transformative tools for elevating marketing performance and reshaping digital consumer journeys at the point of purchase. (shrink)

The relevance of this research to Russia’s economy arises from the necessity to diversify away from raw material dependence and modernize and technologically update. In the face of global competition and sanctions pressure, the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies represents a strategic move toward increasing labor productivity, optimizing resources, stimulating economic growth, and enhancing competitiveness in the global market. The country possesses significant potential for applying AI in sectors such as energy, agriculture, and transportation. The research focuses on AI (...) technologies and their implementation across various sectors of Russia’s economy. The research aims to assess the impact of these technologies on the sustainable development of the nation’s economy. The research aims to determine the role of AI in ensuring the sustainable development of the Russian economy. The primary research objectives include analyzing the current application of AI in Russia and identifying the obstacles and opportunities for its advancement. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of statistical data, expert assessments, and a comparative study of AI implementation experiences in other countries. The novelty of this research lies in the systematization of data on the impact of AI on Russia’s economy, with an emphasis on sustainable development and the integration of advanced technologies. Another important aspect is the conducted survey (using questionnaires) to explore public opinion regarding the integration of AI technologies into professional activities, exemplified by the journalistic community. The research findings show that the implementation of AI contributes to a 15–20% increase in labor productivity, a 10–15% reduction in production costs, and an acceleration of innovation. However, barriers such as inadequate digital infrastructure and a shortage of qualified personnel remain. (shrink)

The processes of transition to the AI economy are connected with many implications for society, government, and government bodies. HR policy in the conditions of intellectualization involves digital personnel management. Large-scale dissemination of AI tools and digital services based on them leads to the emergence of new rules and conditions of work for digital personnel. This might lead to a possible violation of management ethics. In this research, we show that different subjects of the business environment can set various requirements (...) for digital personnel. These requirements may negatively influence the ethics of digital personnel management, creating threats to the quality and efficiency of labour.We consider AI tools used for digital personnel management at the level of digital labour platforms and companies that use the work of digital personnel in offices. The analysis shows that digital labour platforms are more attractive for digital personnel compared to companies that are oriented towards digital personnel’s work in offices from an ethical point of view. The goal of this research was to systematise the specifics of ethics of digital personnel management depending on the tools of the AI economy with systemic consideration of the interested parties’ views. The novel aspect of this research lies in establishing the features of the development of the AI economy in digital personnel management in various conditions of employment. (shrink)

This research aims to identify the most promising artificial intelligence (AI) mechanisms and develop recommendations for enhancing these mechanisms in implementing innovative policy within the sustainable development framework of the Kyrgyz Republic. To achieve this, the authors conducted a regression analysis based on the empirical experience of Central Asian countries in 2025 to assess the impact of AI mechanisms on the targeted outcomes of the innovative policy implemented within these countries’ sustainable development systems. The conclusion is that in Central Asian (...) countries, including the Kyrgyz Republic, the most effective AI mechanisms that systemically improve the outcomes of innovative policy within the sustainable development framework are AI implementation and AI financing. The theoretical contribution of this finding lies in the fact that a more precise delineation of the spectrum of relevant AI mechanisms has enhanced the management apparatus of innovative policy in the sustainable development systems of Central Asian countries while also expanding the capabilities for planning and forecasting the results of the innovative policy implemented in the Kyrgyz Republic’s sustainable development framework. The practical contribution of the proposed applied solutions to enhance the most in-demand AI mechanisms is that their implementation will increase the effectiveness of the innovative policy within the Kyrgyz Republic’s sustainable development framework. Moreover, it will also facilitate the successful execution of the action plan for integrating human rights into the business environment and practices of the Kyrgyz Republic. (shrink)

In the research, the authors examine the socio-educational dimensions and sociological practices within the framework of the methodological principles for analyzing public opinion in the information society alongside a sociological case study on interpreting color as a social marker of commercial enterprises. The research presents and analyzes data such as the most popular applications among Russians for each type of platform and information on the color preferences of young people aged 14–35 and outlines the stages involved in creating advertising content (...) for products and services aimed at mass youth consumption. The authors investigate the methodological principles of analyzing color as a social marker of commercial enterprises. They also explore the nuances of emotional color perception and its influence on consumer decision-making. Furthermore, the authors interpret the role of color in the products and logos of commercial enterprises within the context of informational materials, where buyers’ and consumers’ attention is directed towards specific content for commercial purposes, such as purchasing a product or service. The authors posed several questions to respondents to examine the factors that attract consumers to various services as represented in commercial products and logos. Finally, the research unveils the methodological peculiarities of public opinion in the information society. (shrink)

The research aims to identify and systematize the main problems and contradictions of introducing and applying AI systems in contemporary pedagogical activity. The main research methods used were analytical review, analysis, comparison, generalization, and the system approach. During the research, the authors found that there are quite a lot of studies on the problems of implementing AI systems in the field of education. Moreover, they are poorly systematized. As a rule, researchers write about the problems of education, paying less attention (...) to the other two components of pedagogical activity—training and education. The research introduces an approach to systematizing the contradictions and challenges in the interaction between natural and artificial intelligence. This approach is based on three core components of pedagogical activity: the formation of information, praxeological culture, and axiological culture. These elements develop through a dialectical process in which individuals acquire knowledge, skills, and a system of values during socialization. (shrink)

Against the backdrop of global economic digitalization and profound geopolitical adjustments, the strategic significance of developing Russia’s Far East and China’s economic cooperation has become increasingly prominent. This research takes digital transformation as a starting point to explore the impact of international political and economic factors on China-Russia regional cooperation, analyze the innovation potential and implementation paths of both sides in the field of digital economy, and identify key challenges. Through literature review, case studies, and quantitative modeling, the authors revealed (...) the mechanism of digital transformation on the efficiency of regional economic cooperation and put forward policy recommendations. The research aims to provide theoretical support and practical reference for deepening China-Russia digital economic cooperation and optimizing regional resource allocation. The research methodology combines a literature review with a case study approach. It integrates theoretical frameworks from international political economics, regional cooperation, and digital transformation while examining typical cases of collaboration between China and Russia’s Far East in sectors such as energy, logistics, and cross-border e-commerce. Additionally, a quantitative analysis is conducted by constructing a panel data model that links “digital transformation maturity” with “cooperation effectiveness.” Regression analysis is then used to test the hypotheses, utilizing data from China-Russia cooperation projects spanning from 2010 to 2023. (shrink)

The research explores an innovative yet insufficiently studied area of artificial intelligence (AI) in intercultural argumentation. The research aims to analyze the role of AI in overcoming cultural barriers and adapting arguments to various cultural norms, a subject of particular relevance in today’s globalized world. The research examines current AI development trends, its potential benefits for intercultural communication, and the ethical issues associated with its use. Special attention is given to exploring AI’s capacity to support effective argumentation in intercultural discussions, (...) particularly in overcoming language and cultural differences that often hinder mutual understanding. Specific examples of successful AI applications in various fields are provided, such as automatic translations on social media, which enable people from different countries to communicate without language barriers, and dialect research, which contributes to a deeper understanding of cultural diversity. These examples illustrate AI’s significant contribution to enhancing intercultural exchange and cooperation. The authors emphasize that, in the future, AI may become not merely a tool for overcoming barriers but a powerful catalyst for a deeper understanding of cultural diversity, stimulating constructive discussions and fostering the development of global relationships based on mutual respect and comprehension. They particularly highlight the necessity of further advancing AI technologies in accordance with the principles of inclusiveness, fairness, and respect for cultural differences, which will open new horizons for intercultural exchange and cooperation, making the world more interconnected and harmonious. (shrink)

The author examined four groups of constraints on the applicability of artificial intelligence (AI). The first group includes material resources for storing large data sets, which impose resource limitations on AI. The second group includes the computational capabilities of software code, where the fundamental constraint of AI is the incomputability of the human brain. The third group includes a set of space-time conditions governing computational procedures, which unfolds into six types of constraints: AI as a time-closed system with a degraded (...) future, AI as a time-closed system with both a degraded future and past, the heterogeneity of G. B. Minkowski’s space-time, the biological space-time of V. I. Vernadsky, Kairos, and real time. The fourth group includes the civilizational conditions of social development, where the limit of AI is defined by Vernadsky’s Noosphere. When this scheme of AI constraints is applied to human consciousness, it becomes possible to more precisely delineate the “boundary” between natural intelligence and human thought. Thought is defined as the aspect of consciousness that transcends mere intelligence and directs the development of humans and AI. A natural framework for the interaction between humans and AI emerges from this definition. (shrink)

Digitalization and the widespread applications of artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly transformed the field of translation, offering both opportunities for increased efficiency and challenges in the context of maintaining accuracy, cultural nuances, and terminological precisions. Within the domain of business, machine translation (MT) plays a crucial role in translating business texts, enabling faster communication across global markets. Despite the advancements in MT, human intervention is often required to address challenges such as terminology accuracy, tone, and cultural appropriateness in business translation. (...) The aim of this article is to explore and analyze the opinions and experiences of professional translators regarding the use of MT tools in translating business texts. Our objective is to assess the challenges, errors, and strategies employed by translators when working with MT, as well as to investigate the post-editing tasks necessary to enhance the quality of machine-generated translations. The main issues of the research are the limitations of MT in accurately translating specialized business terminology, the challenges of maintaining consistency in terminology across documents, and the difficulty in capturing the intended tone, style, and cultural nuances of business texts. This research then explores the perspectives of professional translators about the use of machine translation tools for business text translation. The study is based on a survey conducted among university professors teaching in “Translation Studies” Degree Programs, freelance translators, and senior year students enrolled in those programs. (shrink)

The research investigates the possibilities of artificial intelligence (AI) in interpreting allegorical texts in linguistic and methodical aspects. The research material includes 70 proverbs of the concept sphere “Teaching/Knowledge/Literacy/Science.” The text material is difficult to investigate because of the genre specifics of proverbs and their genre characteristics (i.e., allegorical nature, factuality, conciseness, and instructiveness). The research aims to evaluate the possibilities of AI to interpret allegorical texts as texts with mainly didactic content and texts used in the learning process (educational (...) texts). To evaluate the degree of interpretation adequacy, the authors set the following tasks for neural networks: (1) translate the selected proverbs into a foreign (English) language, (2) model educational-communicative situations for practicing the use of proverbs in speech, and (3) compose a linguistic-cultural commentary. The research has shown that neural networks can facilitate the integration of proverbs into the learning process. The research proves that AI can be used to compose training dialogs and commentaries to texts. The errors of neural networks made while interpreting the content of proverbs can be divided into three groups: (1) ignoring the form of the text (alliterations, puns), (2) misunderstanding of the general content due to incorrect choice of keywords semantics (replacing the meaning of archaism with modern semantics of the word, allegorical meaning with direct one, and ignoring the national-cultural component of the meaning), and (3) misinterpretation of the hidden meaning of the text (moral prescription). (shrink)

Digital diplomacy is a phenomenon of the twenty-first century, emerging from unprecedented advancements in telecommunications. This research aims to illustrate the characteristics and unique aspects of digital tools and programs in the diplomatic realm while exploring the associated opportunities and risks. Digital diplomacy is marked by several key features, such as openness, rapid communication, concise messaging, the dissolution of barriers between “foreign” and “internal” audiences, and a diminished significance of time and space-especially space to its implementation. Because digital diplomacy is (...) inherently public, it is often viewed as a tool of public policy. Like any innovation, digital diplomacy offers new opportunities, such as lower financial and resource costs, faster and more efficient communication, and stronger audience connections. However, it also presents challenges, including concerns over anonymity, the risk of hacking, and a general lack of expertise in using the Internet and social media effectively. The research primarily employs qualitative methods, including observation, comparison, fact synthesis, generalization, deduction, and induction. The authors conclude that specific prerequisites must be established to enhance the effectiveness of digital diplomacy. Ultimately, digital diplomacy is not intended to replace traditional diplomacy but to complement and enrich it. (shrink)

The research aims to determine the role of artificial intelligence (AI) among the main directions for the sustainable economic development of industry in Central Asia and identify opportunities for optimizing these directions in the Kyrgyz Republic as a country in Central Asia. The authors conducted a trend analysis of the economic development of the industrial sector in the Kyrgyz Republic from 1990 to 2023, alongside a factor analysis of this development in Central Asia for 2025. Additionally, the authors identified a (...) Central Asian model of sustainable industrial development. This model reveals the logic behind state regulation of the industrial economy in the countries of Central Asia, which constitutes its theoretical contribution. Based on the model, the authors conclude that AI plays a significant role among the main avenues for sustainable industrial development, with prospects for state regulation in Central Asia that also include expanding industrial credit financing, increasing national electricity production, and developing a low-carbon industry. The authors developed practical recommendations to enhance state regulation of the industrial economy in the Kyrgyz Republic in its selected key areas. Implementing these recommendations will ensure a fuller realization of the potential for sustainable industrial development in the Kyrgyz Republic in the coming years. (shrink)

The research explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in analyzing space terminology in Russian and Chinese languages. The relevance of the topic is due to the growing interest in space and the need to accurately understand the terminology used in different languages. The research aims to analyze the space-related vocabulary in Russian and Chinese through AI-driven methods and identify features and patterns related to cultural context and terminological diversity. The authors present a review of existing studies, the methodology of (...) data collection and analysis using AI, and the results of a comparative analysis of the space lexicon of the two languages. Key thematic groups and features of terminology are identified, making it possible to better understand the influence of cultural factors on lexicon formation. The study of Russian and Chinese space vocabulary using AI makes it possible to identify the unique features of each language system and demonstrate the influence of cultural factors on the formation of scientific terminology. The main conclusions open new horizons for further linguistic research, emphasize the significance of intercultural exchange in science and technology, and highlight the importance of further research in this area, contributing to a deeper understanding of space topics in different languages. (shrink)

This research examines the development of digital governance in the Republic of Armenia within the context of various indexes of electronic governance. The research aims to examine the position of Armenia in the digital governance process and identify the strengths and weaknesses of e-governance through quantitative and qualitative analyses. The main issues considered in this research are the ranking of Armenia and its trends in main electronic government indexes, the multidimensional classification of countries by digitalization indicators, and the e-participation case (...) of Armenia. The research subject is a comparative analysis of the development of digital governance in the Republic of Armenia. Initially, the authors introduced the role and importance of digital governance. Next, the authors conducted a comparative analysis to understand Aremina’s position and documented tendencies in digital governance. Various comparisons were made to understand the course of implementation of digital governance process in Armenia according to different indexes. To classify economies with varying levels of digitalization, the authors conducted a cluster analysis using the SPSS software package. The analysis was based on three indicators: the E-Government Development Index (EGDI), the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), and the Global Innovation Index (GII). The practical manifestation of the development of digital governance was presented in the context of participatory governance. The authors analyzed the existing problems and obstacles of participatory governance in the Republic of Armenia according to the components of electronic participation and made proposals to improve the level of electronic participation. (shrink)

This research describes methods for annotating Russian spoken speech using machine processing of linguistic materials. For the first time, the concept of “annotation” is defined as a method of data processing and interpretation based on a given code involving information compression through special linguistic paraphrasing algorithms. The authors analyzed traditional approaches to phonemic and orthographic markup, along with their limitations in conveying allophonic variability inherent in the Russian language. Special attention is paid to the challenges of automatic annotation, including the (...) choice of labels (phonemic, acoustic, or orthographic), which complicates corpus compatibility. The authors discussed advanced annotation tools (e.g., the Montreal Forced Aligner) and considered their limitations in modeling key phonological processes of Russian, including vowel reduction and consonant assimilation. The necessity of metadata standardization and adaptive ontologies that account for diachronic differences in the approaches of the Moscow and St. Petersburg phonological schools is emphasized. Moreover, the authors examined promising methods for overcoming these challenges, including multimodal architectures for processing dialectal variations, the integration of semantic models (BERT) to resolve homophony, and the use of deep neural networks (Conformer) for context-dependent speech analysis. The research concludes on the importance of creating benchmark corpora with expert annotation and designing end-to-end architectures integrating spectral feature extraction with deep semantic contextualization to improve the quality of automatic phonetic annotation. (shrink)

Digital technologies are penetrating more deeply into our daily lives, economy, commerce, education, and social relations. Nowadays, we are witnessing the formation of a new social reality shaped by digital technologies. The research aims to analyze the social consequences of digitalization, identifying key changes in social relations and communications. The methodological framework includes an interdisciplinary approach and theoretical analysis of scientific publications, books, and sociological research data. The authors note that the introduction of information technologies and digital platforms has significantly (...) changed the ways of communication, interaction, and self-determination of individuals. The research highlights positive effects, such as improving the quality of life and stimulating economic growth, as well as challenges related to changing the structure of social relations and labor activity. Special attention is paid to the issues of personal identification in the digital space, where traditional forms of communication are being replaced by virtual interactions. The authors conclude that digitalization is an inevitable process, which covers more new areas of social life and affects everyone. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach to studying the social consequences of digitalization and developing effective tools to overcome them. (shrink)

The research aims to analyze the phenomenon of artificial intelligence (AI) as the most important element of contemporary digital civilization in dialectical unity with natural intelligence. One of the main research methods used was the method of analytical review of scientific literature on the issues and problems of AI development in various areas of public life, as well as the dialectical method and principles of dialectics. To build a matrix of dialectical analysis of AI as a phenomenon of digital civilization, (...) the authors turned to the methodology of the sphere approach. The study of the possibility of constructing a matrix of dialectical research of AI showed that the basis for its construction should be the contradictions that arise between natural and artificial intelligence in various areas of public life of the digital civilization. This approach makes it possible to build the main directions of studying AI as a system of dialectical contradictions, revealing the possibility of its comprehensive study in the field of economic, political, social, and spiritual relations in the digital civilization. (shrink)

The organisation of a smart city system is aimed at achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals at the local level. This process became a response to quick socioeconomic and environmental challenges faced by cities in the age of digitalisation (including the dissemination of artificial intelligence), global crises, and other factors. Management of the transition to smart cities is ensured with the help of the tools of artificial intelligence, which allows accelerating it and raising its effectiveness, but which also might lead (...) to the emergence of ethical problems. In the course of the study of the aspects of the organisation of the smart city system in the AI economy, we revealed two ethical models that are peculiar to this process.This paper aimed to identify the options of ethical models of organisation of the smart city system in the AI economy with comprehensive consideration of stakeholders’ interests. To achieve this aim, we used the methods of systematisation, comparison, and induction. The scientific novelty of the research consists in determining and assessing the specifics of the ethical models of organisation of the smart city system in the AI economy in the context of consideration of all stakeholder’s interests. (shrink)

Transformational models underlying large language models cope well not only with the task of content generation in natural language but also with multimodal tasks, to which the task of image description can be attributed. The development of systems for solving the Image to Caption task has progressed from convolutional neural networks and encoder-decoder models to basic transformer-based systems using vision language pre-training (VLP). Experimental studies show that pre-trained models significantly improve the performance of transformer models. However, the performance of such (...) models remains an open and important issue. Using pre-trained transformer models, fine-tuning a large language model, and transfer learning will improve the quality of audio-descriptors created for visually impaired people to perceive visual information of visual arts subjects. Nevertheless, including important factual information necessary for people with visual impairments to fully perceive visual information is challenging. Models may miss information about the author of the work, its size, style of execution, and other key characteristics that are essential for the correct description of works of art. These shortcomings indicate the need for further improvement of teaching methods and model tuning to ensure high-quality audio descriptions that meet the strict standards of professional peer review. (shrink)