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Volume 21 · Number 1 · Pages 100–102
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Historical Differences

Ximena Dávila Yáñez

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Abstract

Open peer commentary on the article “A Difference That Makes No Difference: Uncertainty in and of the Observer” by Andrey S. Druzhinin & Diego A. Ramírez. Abstract: I address the “historical differences” that refer to two epistemological turning points in the work of Humberto Maturana, and I outline the implications these have for the article by Druzhinin and Ramírez. The first turn focusses on biology of cognition and the second one on biological-cultural understanding, developed together with me. They reveal that uncertainty belongs not only to the epistemic realm, but also to the relational and cultural realm that we inhabit as human beings.

Citation

Dávila Yáñez X. (2025) Historical differences. Constructivist Foundations 21(1): 100–102. https://constructivist.info/21/1/100 Copy Citation

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References

Dávila X. Y. & Maturana H. R. (2015) El árbol del vivir [The tree of life]. Escuela Matríztica de Santiago & MVP Editores, Santiago de Chile   https://cepa.info/8149
Dávila X. Y. & Maturana H. R. (2019) Historia de nuestro vivir cotidiano [The story of our daily lives]. Editorial Planeta, Barcelona. ▸︎ Google︎ Scholar
Dávila X. Y. (2011) Liberating conversations. Constructivist Foundations 6(3): 381–387   https://constructivist.info/6/3/381
Foerster H. von (1981) Observing systems. Intersystems Publications, Salinas CA. ▸︎ Google︎ Scholar
Maturana H. R. & Dávila X. Y. (2008) Habitar humano: Seis ensayos en biología-cultural [Human habitation: Six essays in cultural-biology]. Editorial Planeta, Santiago de Chile. ▸︎ Google︎ Scholar
Maturana H. R. & Varela F. J. (1980) Autopoiesis and cognition: The realization of the living. D. Reidel, Dordrecht. ▸︎ Google︎ Scholar
Maturana H. R. (1970) Biology of cognition. BCL Report 9.0, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign IL   https://cepa.info/535
Maturana H. R., Dávila X. Y. & Ramírez S. M. (2016) Cultural-biology: Systemic consequences of our evolutionary natural drift as molecular autopoietic systems. Foundations of Science 21(4): 631–678   https://cepa.info/3900

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