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| U_CAPI const char * | uloc_getDefault (void) |
| | Gets ICU's default locale. More...
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| U_CAPI void | uloc_setDefault (const char *localeID, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Sets ICU's default locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getLanguage (const char *localeID, char *language, int32_t languageCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Gets the language code for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getScript (const char *localeID, char *script, int32_t scriptCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Gets the script code for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getCountry (const char *localeID, char *country, int32_t countryCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Gets the country code for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getVariant (const char *localeID, char *variant, int32_t variantCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Gets the variant code for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getName (const char *localeID, char *name, int32_t nameCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Gets the full name for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_canonicalize (const char *localeID, char *name, int32_t nameCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Gets the full name for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI const char * | uloc_getISO3Language (const char *localeID) |
| | Gets the ISO language code for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI const char * | uloc_getISO3Country (const char *localeID) |
| | Gets the ISO country code for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI uint32_t | uloc_getLCID (const char *localeID) |
| | Gets the Win32 LCID value for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getDisplayLanguage (const char *locale, const char *displayLocale, UChar *language, int32_t languageCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets the language name suitable for display for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getDisplayScript (const char *locale, const char *displayLocale, UChar *script, int32_t scriptCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets the script name suitable for display for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getDisplayCountry (const char *locale, const char *displayLocale, UChar *country, int32_t countryCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets the country name suitable for display for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getDisplayVariant (const char *locale, const char *displayLocale, UChar *variant, int32_t variantCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets the variant name suitable for display for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getDisplayKeyword (const char *keyword, const char *displayLocale, UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets the keyword name suitable for display for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getDisplayKeywordValue (const char *locale, const char *keyword, const char *displayLocale, UChar *dest, int32_t destCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets the value of the keyword suitable for display for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getDisplayName (const char *localeID, const char *inLocaleID, UChar *result, int32_t maxResultSize, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Gets the full name suitable for display for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI const char * | uloc_getAvailable (int32_t n) |
| | Gets the specified locale from a list of available locales. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_countAvailable (void) |
| | Gets the size of the all available locale list. More...
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| U_CAPI UEnumeration * | uloc_openAvailableByType (ULocAvailableType type, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets a list of available locales according to the type argument, allowing the user to access different sets of supported locales in ICU. More...
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| U_CAPI const char *const * | uloc_getISOLanguages (void) |
| | Gets a list of all available 2-letter language codes defined in ISO 639, plus additional 3-letter codes determined to be useful for locale generation as defined by Unicode CLDR. More...
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| U_CAPI const char *const * | uloc_getISOCountries (void) |
| | Gets a list of all available 2-letter country codes defined in ISO 639. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getParent (const char *localeID, char *parent, int32_t parentCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Truncate the locale ID string to get the parent locale ID. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getBaseName (const char *localeID, char *name, int32_t nameCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Gets the full name for the specified locale, like uloc_getName(), but without keywords. More...
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| U_CAPI UEnumeration * | uloc_openKeywords (const char *localeID, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets an enumeration of keywords for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getKeywordValue (const char *localeID, const char *keywordName, char *buffer, int32_t bufferCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Get the value for a keyword. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_setKeywordValue (const char *keywordName, const char *keywordValue, char *buffer, int32_t bufferCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Sets or removes the value of the specified keyword. More...
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| U_CAPI UBool | uloc_isRightToLeft (const char *locale) |
| | Returns whether the locale's script is written right-to-left. More...
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| U_CAPI ULayoutType | uloc_getCharacterOrientation (const char *localeId, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Get the layout character orientation for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI ULayoutType | uloc_getLineOrientation (const char *localeId, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Get the layout line orientation for the specified locale. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_acceptLanguageFromHTTP (char *result, int32_t resultAvailable, UAcceptResult *outResult, const char *httpAcceptLanguage, UEnumeration *availableLocales, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Based on a HTTP header from a web browser and a list of available locales, determine an acceptable locale for the user. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_acceptLanguage (char *result, int32_t resultAvailable, UAcceptResult *outResult, const char **acceptList, int32_t acceptListCount, UEnumeration *availableLocales, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Based on a list of available locales, determine an acceptable locale for the user. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_getLocaleForLCID (uint32_t hostID, char *locale, int32_t localeCapacity, UErrorCode *status) |
| | Gets the ICU locale ID for the specified Win32 LCID value. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_addLikelySubtags (const char *localeID, char *maximizedLocaleID, int32_t maximizedLocaleIDCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Add the likely subtags for a provided locale ID, per the algorithm described in the following CLDR technical report: More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_minimizeSubtags (const char *localeID, char *minimizedLocaleID, int32_t minimizedLocaleIDCapacity, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Minimize the subtags for a provided locale ID, per the algorithm described in the following CLDR technical report: More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_forLanguageTag (const char *langtag, char *localeID, int32_t localeIDCapacity, int32_t *parsedLength, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Returns a locale ID for the specified BCP47 language tag string. More...
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| U_CAPI int32_t | uloc_toLanguageTag (const char *localeID, char *langtag, int32_t langtagCapacity, UBool strict, UErrorCode *err) |
| | Returns a well-formed language tag for this locale ID. More...
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| U_CAPI const char * | uloc_toUnicodeLocaleKey (const char *keyword) |
| | Converts the specified keyword (legacy key, or BCP 47 Unicode locale extension key) to the equivalent BCP 47 Unicode locale extension key. More...
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| U_CAPI const char * | uloc_toUnicodeLocaleType (const char *keyword, const char *value) |
| | Converts the specified keyword value (legacy type, or BCP 47 Unicode locale extension type) to the well-formed BCP 47 Unicode locale extension type for the specified keyword (category). More...
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| U_CAPI const char * | uloc_toLegacyKey (const char *keyword) |
| | Converts the specified keyword (BCP 47 Unicode locale extension key, or legacy key) to the legacy key. More...
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| U_CAPI const char * | uloc_toLegacyType (const char *keyword, const char *value) |
| | Converts the specified keyword value (BCP 47 Unicode locale extension type, or legacy type or type alias) to the canonical legacy type. More...
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C API: Locale ID functionality similar to C++ class Locale.
ULoc C API for Locale
A Locale represents a specific geographical, political, or cultural region. An operation that requires a Locale to perform its task is called locale-sensitive and uses the Locale to tailor information for the user. For example, displaying a number is a locale-sensitive operation–the number should be formatted according to the customs/conventions of the user's native country, region, or culture. In the C APIs, a locales is simply a const char string.
You create a Locale with one of the three options listed below. Each of the component is separated by '_' in the locale string.
newLanguage
newLanguage + newCountry
newLanguage + newCountry + newVariant
The first option is a valid
ISO Language Code. These codes are the lower-case two-letter codes as defined by ISO-639. You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites, such as:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso639.txt
The second option includes an additional ISO Country Code. These codes are the upper-case two-letter codes as defined by ISO-3166. You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites, such as:
http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/diverse/doc/ISO_3166.html
The third option requires another additional information–the Variant. The Variant codes are vendor and browser-specific. For example, use WIN for Windows, MAC for Macintosh, and POSIX for POSIX. Where there are two variants, separate them with an underscore, and put the most important one first. For example, a Traditional Spanish collation might be referenced, with "ES", "ES", "Traditional_WIN".
Because a Locale is just an identifier for a region, no validity check is performed when you specify a Locale. If you want to see whether particular resources are available for the Locale you asked for, you must query those resources. For example, ask the UNumberFormat for the locales it supports using its getAvailable method.
Note: When you ask for a resource for a particular locale, you get back the best available match, not necessarily precisely what you asked for. For more information, look at UResourceBundle.
The Locale provides a number of convenient constants that you can use to specify the commonly used locales. For example, the following refers to a locale for the United States:
#define ULOC_US
Useful constant for this country/region.
Once you've specified a locale you can query it for information about itself. Use uloc_getCountry to get the ISO Country Code and uloc_getLanguage to get the ISO Language Code. You can use uloc_getDisplayCountry to get the name of the country suitable for displaying to the user. Similarly, you can use uloc_getDisplayLanguage to get the name of the language suitable for displaying to the user. Interestingly, the uloc_getDisplayXXX methods are themselves locale-sensitive and have two versions: one that uses the default locale and one that takes a locale as an argument and displays the name or country in a language appropriate to that locale.
The ICU provides a number of services that perform locale-sensitive operations. For example, the unum_xxx functions format numbers, currency, or percentages in a locale-sensitive manner.
const char* myLocale = "fr_FR";
U_CAPI UNumberFormat * unum_open(UNumberFormatStyle style, const UChar *pattern, int32_t patternLength, const char *locale, UParseError *parseErr, UErrorCode *status)
Create and return a new UNumberFormat for formatting and parsing numbers.
@ UNUM_CURRENCY
Currency format (generic).
@ UNUM_PERCENT
Percent format.
@ UNUM_DEFAULT
Default format.
void * UNumberFormat
A number formatter.
U_CAPI void unum_close(UNumberFormat *fmt)
Close a UNumberFormat.
#define NULL
Define NULL if necessary, to nullptr for C++ and to ((void *)0) for C.
UErrorCode
Standard ICU4C error code type, a substitute for exceptions.
@ U_ZERO_ERROR
No error, no warning.
Each of these methods has two variants; one with an explicit locale and one without; the latter using the default locale.
A
Locale is the mechanism for identifying the kind of services (
UNumberFormat) that you would like to get. The locale is
just a mechanism for identifying these services.
Each international service that performs locale-sensitive operations allows you to get all the available objects of that type. You can sift through these objects by language, country, or variant, and use the display names to present a menu to the user. For example, you can create a menu of all the collation objects suitable for a given language. Such classes implement these three class methods:
int32_t
const char* inLocaleID,
int32_t maxResultSize,
U_CAPI const char * uloc_getAvailable(int32_t n)
Gets the specified locale from a list of available locales.
U_CAPI int32_t uloc_getDisplayName(const char *localeID, const char *inLocaleID, UChar *result, int32_t maxResultSize, UErrorCode *err)
Gets the full name suitable for display for the specified locale.
U_CAPI int32_t uloc_countAvailable(void)
Gets the size of the all available locale list.
char16_t UChar
The base type for UTF-16 code units and pointers.
Concerning POSIX/RFC1766 Locale IDs, the getLanguage/getCountry/getVariant/getName functions do understand the POSIX type form of language_COUNTRY.ENCODING@VARIANT and if there is not an ICU-stype variant, uloc_getVariant() for example will return the one listed after the @at sign. As well, the hyphen "-" is recognized as a country/variant separator similarly to RFC1766. So for example, "en-us" will be interpreted as en_US.
As a result, uloc_getName() is far from a no-op, and will have the effect of converting POSIX/RFC1766 IDs into ICU form, although it does NOT map any of the actual codes (i.e. russian->ru) in any way. Applications should call uloc_getName() at the point where a locale ID is coming from an external source (user entry, OS, web browser) and pass the resulting string to other ICU functions. For example, don't use de-de@EURO as an argument to resourcebundle.
- See also
- UResourceBundle
Definition in file uloc.h.