I just saw someone else post asking why someone would want to get married, so I’m curious to see the opposite. Within the U.S., you can pretty much marry whoever you want as long as they are of age, and many legal benefits come with that. I personally know a couple who have been together for 20 years, and we live in a state that doesn’t recognize common-law marriage, so they are now considering it. Are there other situations where it simply makes sense to not get married?
To answer this, I’ll need to explain the context of marriage here in Brazil. It’s a bit of a mess.
First there’s the “proper” civil marriage (casamento civil): the couple picks a place to celebrate, requesting the presence of a judge, scribe, and two legal witnesses. The judge leads the ceremony and bang, they’re married.
There’s “stable union” (união estável), a couple living together in order to form a family without making it legally official. They already enjoy most benefits and responsibilities of a legally married couple, such as succession rights, but the property system is a bit of a mess. (i.e. legally it’s undefined if their property is to be considered individual, shared, or shared only if obtained after constituting a couple).
Then there’s religious marriage (casamento religioso), led by the religious figure the couple chooses. On itself it holds no legal power, but if the couple submits some paperwork in a registry office (a bit before or after the ceremony), it counts legally the same as a civil marriage.
Now, actually answering the OP: I think most people here go with the stable union route (instead of actual marriage) because it’s less fuss, less expensive, and they already enjoy most legal benefits of a married couple anyway. So why bother? Plus the property system only matters if they split, and almost nobody thinks in this case.
It’s also possible they performed a religious marriage but didn’t bother with the legal paperwork; legally speaking it ends the same deal, as a stable union.