io

func Copy ¶

func Copy(dst Writer, src Reader) (written int64, err error)

Copy copies from src to dst until either EOF is reached on src or an error occurs. It returns the number of bytes copied and the first error encountered while copying, if any.

A successful Copy returns err == nil, not err == EOF. Because Copy is defined to read from src until EOF, it does not treat an EOF from Read as an error to be reported.

If src implements the WriterTo interface, the copy is implemented by calling src.WriteTo(dst). Otherwise, if dst implements the ReaderFrom interface, the copy is implemented by calling dst.ReadFrom(src).

package main

import (
	"io"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	r := strings.NewReader("some io.Reader stream to be read\n")

	if _, err := io.Copy(os.Stdout, r); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

}

Output:
some io.Reader stream to be read

func CopyBuffer ¶ added in go1.5

func CopyBuffer(dst Writer, src Reader, buf []byte) (written int64, err error)

CopyBuffer is identical to Copy except that it stages through the provided buffer (if one is required) rather than allocating a temporary one. If buf is nil, one is allocated; otherwise if it has zero length, CopyBuffer panics.

package main

import (
	"io"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	r1 := strings.NewReader("first reader\n")
	r2 := strings.NewReader("second reader\n")
	buf := make([]byte, 8)

	// buf is used here...
	if _, err := io.CopyBuffer(os.Stdout, r1, buf); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

	// ... reused here also. No need to allocate an extra buffer.
	if _, err := io.CopyBuffer(os.Stdout, r2, buf); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

}

Output:
first reader
second reader

func CopyN ¶

func CopyN(dst Writer, src Reader, n int64) (written int64, err error)

CopyN copies n bytes (or until an error) from src to dst. It returns the number of bytes copied and the earliest error encountered while copying. On return, written == n if and only if err == nil.

If dst implements the ReaderFrom interface, the copy is implemented using it.

package main

import (
	"io"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	r := strings.NewReader("some io.Reader stream to be read")

	if _, err := io.CopyN(os.Stdout, r, 5); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

}

Output:
some

func Pipe ¶

func Pipe() (*PipeReader, *PipeWriter)

Pipe creates a synchronous in-memory pipe. It can be used to connect code expecting an io.Reader with code expecting an io.Writer.

Reads and Writes on the pipe are matched one to one except when multiple Reads are needed to consume a single Write. That is, each Write to the PipeWriter blocks until it has satisfied one or more Reads from the PipeReader that fully consume the written data. The data is copied directly from the Write to the corresponding Read (or Reads); there is no internal buffering.

It is safe to call Read and Write in parallel with each other or with Close. Parallel calls to Read and parallel calls to Write are also safe: the individual calls will be gated sequentially.

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"fmt"
	"io"
)

func main() {
	r, w := io.Pipe()

	go func() {
		fmt.Fprint(w, "some text to be read\n")
		w.Close()
	}()

	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
	buf.ReadFrom(r)
	fmt.Print(buf.String())

}

Output:
some text to be read

func ReadAtLeast ¶

func ReadAtLeast(r Reader, buf []byte, min int) (n int, err error)

ReadAtLeast reads from r into buf until it has read at least min bytes. It returns the number of bytes copied and an error if fewer bytes were read. The error is EOF only if no bytes were read. If an EOF happens after reading fewer than min bytes, ReadAtLeast returns ErrUnexpectedEOF. If min is greater than the length of buf, ReadAtLeast returns ErrShortBuffer. On return, n >= min if and only if err == nil. If r returns an error having read at least min bytes, the error is dropped.

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"log"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	r := strings.NewReader("some io.Reader stream to be read\n")

	buf := make([]byte, 33)
	if _, err := io.ReadAtLeast(r, buf, 4); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", buf)

	// buffer smaller than minimal read size.
	shortBuf := make([]byte, 3)
	if _, err := io.ReadAtLeast(r, shortBuf, 4); err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error:", err)
	}

	// minimal read size bigger than io.Reader stream
	longBuf := make([]byte, 64)
	if _, err := io.ReadAtLeast(r, longBuf, 64); err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error:", err)
	}

}

Output:
some io.Reader stream to be read

error: short buffer
error: EOF

func ReadFull ¶

func ReadFull(r Reader, buf []byte) (n int, err