This article draws on Bernard Stiegler’s insights and articulates them alongside other contemporary reflections in order to understand the psychic, social, and political issues raised by our contemporary digital hypomnesic milieu. I will explore the theoretical presuppositions underlying the functioning of digital devices to try to show that this computationalist technoscientific paradigm is based on problematic epistemological foundations, which an organological approach implicitly deconstructs. I will thereafter attempt to develop a pharmacological analysis of “generative artificial intelligence,” showing that its massive (...) proliferation risks a new kind of “symbolic misery,” a “proletarianization” of expression and a generalization of social “disbelief.” Finally, I will try to show that the project of a “hermeneutic web” suggested by Stiegler needs to be revived and transformed in this new organological context: I will suggest some proposals to fight against attention economy and expression economy and to put computational automata in the service of collective intelligence. (shrink)

This paper aims to connect Stiegler’s reflections on theoretical computer science with his practical propositions for the design of digital technologies. Indeed, Stiegler’s theory of exosomatization implies a new conception of artificial intelligence, which is not based on an analogical paradigm (which compares organisms and machines, as in cybernetics, or which compares thought and computing, as in cognitivism) but on an organological paradigm, which studies the co-evolution of living organisms (individuals), artificial organs (tools), and social organizations (institutions). Such a perspective (...) does not compare human capacities to machine performances but studies the way in which the evolution of material and technical supports affects and transforms psychological, cognitive or noetic faculties (intuition, memory, understanding, imagination, sensibility, reason, etc.), as well as the constitution of different kinds of knowledge. This new theoretical paradigm implies a new ‘design’ for digital technologies, which considers their social role and their impact on psychological, cognitive or noetic faculties. (shrink)

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender as implicações (les enjeux) filosóficas subjacentes ao desenvolvimento disruptivo das chamadas «inteligências artificiais generativas», que, há alguns meses, se expandem de forma fulgurante e prometem reconfigurar profundamente o meio digital, isto é, o meio simultaneamente técnico e simbólico. Para esse fim, o artigo procede em dois momentos: trata-se, em primeiro lugar, de superar as analogias entre humano e máquina ou entre cérebro e computador, que estão na base dos paradigmas cognitivistas e computacionalistas e que (...) reduzem os espíritos às operações de cálculo estatístico ou ao tratamento de dados digitais; em seguida, após a desconstrução das noções de «inteligência artificial» e de «aprendizagem automática», propomos considerar as tecnologias contemporâneas como a nova fase de um processo de automatização digital que implica a exteriorização de funções e de capacidades psíquicas e cognitivas, delegadas àquilo que propomos denominar «autómatos computacionais interativos». Aprofundamos, por fim, as implicações sociais e políticas dessas novas máquinas de escrita algorítmica, frequentemente implementadas em larga escala por atores hegemónicos, demonstrando que a mitologia da IA oculta uma exploração industrial dos recursos simbólicos, o que pode conduzir-nos perigosamente a uma proletarização das atividades do pensamento, à eliminação das singularidades idiomáticas e a uma desconfiança generalizada. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to question the significance of Derrida's deconstruction of the concepts of subject and history. While ‘postmodernity’ tends to be characterized by philosophical critique as the ‘liquidation of the subject’ or the ‘end of history’, I attempt to show that Derrida's deconstruction of ‘subjectivity’ and ‘historicity’ is not an elimination or destruction of these concepts, but an attempt to transform them in order to free them from their metaphysical-teleological presuppositions. This paper argues that this transformation, (...) which begins in Derrida's and continues in Stiegler's texts, leads to the notions of ‘psycho-social individuation’ and ‘doubly epokhal redoubling’. I maintain that such notions ‘supplement’ the metaphysical concepts of subject and history by forcing a reconsideration of the technical conditions of psychic individuation and the technological conditions of ‘epochality’. (shrink)

Introduction : La rupture du rapport traditionnel entre sciences et philosophie « Ce ne sera plus désormais la voix d'autrefois, celle qui pour tous, proclamait la vérité. Il faut s'y résoudre, le philosophe n'énoncera plus le savoir. D'autres en ont pris la charge. Que devient-il dans l'éclatement des vérités, la multiplication des techniques, la spécificité et l'enchevêtrement des sciences? » C'est sur cette question que s'ouvre le livre intitulé La philosophie silencieuse, publié par Jean...