With the Screen Capture API, you can capture the entire current tab. The Element Capture API lets you capture and record a specific HTML element. It transforms a capture of the entire tab, into a capture of a specific DOM subtree, capturing only direct descendants of the target-element. In other words, it crops and removes both occluding and occluded content.
Why use Element Capture?
Considering the requirements of a video-conferencing application can help you understand where Element Capture is useful. If you have a video-conferencing application that lets you embed third-party applications in an iframe, you might sometimes want to capture that iframe as a video and transmit it to remote participants.