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Null-terminated byte strings

From cppreference.com
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C
 
Strings library
 
Null-terminated byte strings
Functions
Character manipulation
Conversions to and from numeric formats
String manipulation
String examination
Memory manipulation
Miscellaneous
(C11)(C11)
 

A null-terminated byte string (NTBS) is a sequence of nonzero bytes followed by a byte with value zero (the terminating null character). Each byte in a byte string encodes one character of some character set. For example, the character array {'\x63','\x61','\x74','\0'} is an NTBS holding the string "cat" in ASCII encoding.

Contents

[edit] Functions

Character classification
Defined in header <ctype.h>
checks if a character is alphanumeric
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is alphabetic
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is lowercase
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is an uppercase character
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is a digit
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is a hexadecimal character
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is a control character
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is a graphical character
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is a space character
(function) [edit]
(C99)
 checks if a character is a blank character
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is a printing character
(function) [edit]
checks if a character is a punctuation character
(function) [edit]
Character manipulation
converts a character to lowercase
(function) [edit]
converts a character to uppercase
(function) [edit]

Note: additional functions whose names begin with either to or is, followed by a lowercase letter, may be added to the header <ctype.h> in future and should not be defined by programs that include that header.

ASCII values characters

iscntrl
iswcntrl

isprint
iswprint

isspace
iswspace

isblank
iswblank

isgraph
iswgraph

ispunct
iswpunct

isalnum
iswalnum

isalpha
iswalpha

isupper
iswupper

islower
iswlower

isdigit
iswdigit

isxdigit
iswxdigit

decimal hexadecimal octal
0–8 \x0–\x8 \0–\10 control codes (NUL, etc.) ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 \x9 \11 tab (\t) ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10–13 \xA–\xD \12–\15 whitespaces (\n, \v, \f, \r) ≠0 0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14–31 \xE–\x1F \16–\37 control codes ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 \x20 \40 space 0 ≠0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33–47 \x21–\x2F \41–\57 !"#$%&'()*+,-./ 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0
48–57 \x30–\x39 \60–\71 0123456789 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0
58–64 \x3A–\x40 \72–\100 :;<=>?@ 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0
65–70 \x41–\x46 \101–\106 ABCDEF 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0
71–90 \x47–\x5A \107–\132 GHIJKLMNOP
QRSTUVWXYZ 		0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0
91–96 \x5B–\x60 \133–\140 [\]^_` 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0
97–102 \x61–\x66 \141–\146 abcdef 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0
103–122 \x67–\x7A \147–\172 ghijklmnop
qrstuvwxyz 		0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 ≠0 0 0
123–126 \x7B–\x7E \173–\176 {|}~ 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0
127 \x7F \177 backspace character (DEL) ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Conversions to and from numeric formats
Defined in header <stdlib.h>
converts a byte string to a floating-point value
(function) [edit]
(C99)
 converts a byte string to an integer value
(function) [edit]
(C99)
 converts a byte string to an integer value
(function) [edit]
(C99)
 converts a byte string to an unsigned integer value
(function) [edit]
(C99)(C99)
 converts a byte string to a floating-point value
(function) [edit]
(C23)(C23)(C23)
 converts a floating-point value to a byte string
(function) [edit]
Defined in header <inttypes.h>
(C99)(C99)
 converts a byte string to intmax_t or uintmax_t
(function) [edit]
String manipulation
Defined in header <string.h>