std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2, ..., std::placeholders::_N

The std::placeholders namespace contains the placeholder objects [_1, ..., _N] where N is an implementation defined maximum number.

When used as an argument in a std::bind expression, the placeholder objects are stored in the generated function object, and when that function object is invoked with unbound arguments, each placeholder _N is replaced by the corresponding Nth unbound argument.

The types of the placeholder objects are DefaultConstructible and CopyConstructible, their default copy/move constructors do not throw exceptions, and for any placeholder _N, the type std::is_placeholder<decltype(_N)> is defined, where std::is_placeholder<decltype(_N)> is derived from std::integral_constant<int, N>.

[edit] Example

#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
 
void goodbye(const std::string& s)
{
    std::cout << "Goodbye " << s << '\n';
}
 
class Object
{
public:
    void hello(const std::string& s)
    {
        std::cout << "Hello " << s << '\n';
    }
};
 
int main()
{
    using namespace std::placeholders;
 
    using ExampleFunction = std::function<void(const std::string&)>;
    Object instance;
    std::string str("World");
 
    ExampleFunction f = std::bind(&Object::hello, &instance, _1);
    f(str); // equivalent to instance.hello(str)
 
    f =