C language

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<metanoindex/>

This is a brief reference of available C constructs.

Tópicos gerais

Preprocessor

Comentários

Palavras-chave

Tabela ASCII

Seqüências de escape

História da C

Controle de fluxo

Declarações execução condicional

Different code paths are executed according to the value of given expression

• if executa código condicionalmente

  Original:

  if executes code conditionally

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• switch executa o código de acordo com o valor de um argumento integral

  Original:

  switch executes code according to the value of an integral argument

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Instruções de iteração

The same code is executed several times

• for executes loop
• while executa loop, verificando condições antes de cada iteração

  Original:

  while executes loop, checking condition before each iteration

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• fazer enquanto

  Original:

  do-while

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  executa loop, verificando condição após cada iteração

  Original:

  fazer enquanto

  Original:

  do-while

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  executes loop, checking condition after each iteration

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Ir declarações

Continue execution at a different location

• continue pula a parte restante do corpo do ciclo de fechamento

  Original:

  continue skips the remaining part of the enclosing loop body

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• break termina o loop de fechamento

  Original:

  break terminates the enclosing loop

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• goto continua a execução em outro local

  Original:

  goto continues execution in another location

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• return termina a execução da função de fechamento

  Original:

  return terminates execution of the enclosing function

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Funções

The same code can be reused at different locations in the program

• declaração da função

  Original:

  function declaration

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  declares a function
• linha especificador

  Original:

  inline specifier

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  hints the compiler to insert a function's body directly into the calling code

Tipos

• tipos fundamentais

  Original:

  fundamental types

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  defines basic character, integer and floating point types
• tipos de ponteiro

  Original:

  pointer types

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  , holding a memory location
• tipos de compostos

  Original:

  compound types

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  defines types, holding several data members (essentially the same as class)
• tipos de enumeração

  Original:

  enumeration types

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  defines types, that are able to hold only one of the specified values
• tipos de união

  Original:

  union types

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  defines types, that can hold data in several representations
• tipos de função

  Original:

  function types

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  definir assinaturas de chamadas de função, isto é, os tipos de argumentos eo tipo de retorno

  Original:

  tipos de função

  Original:

  function types

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  define function call signatures, that is the types of arguments and the return type

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Especificadores

• cv especificadores

  Original:

  cv specifiers

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  specifies constness and volatility of a type
• armazenamento de classe especificadores

  Original:

  storage-class specifiers

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  specifies storage duration and linkage of a type
• alignas especificador

  Original:

  alignas specifier

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  especifica que o armazenamento para a variável deve ser harmonizado, (desde C99) quantidade específica

  Original:

  alignas especificador

  Original:

  alignas specifier

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  specifies that the storage for the variable should be aligned by specific amount (desde C99)

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Literais

Literals are the tokens of a C program that represent constant values, embedded in the source code.

• literais inteiro

  Original:

  integer literals

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  são decimal, octal, ou números hexadecimais do tipo inteiro.

  Original:

  literais inteiro

  Original:

  integer literals

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  are decimal, octal, or hexadecimal numbers of integer type.

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• literais de caracteres

  Original:

  character literals

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  are individual characters of type char, char16_t, char32_t, or wchar_t.
• literais de ponto flutuante

  Original:

  floating-point literals

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  são valores do tipo float, double, long double ou

  Original:

  literais de ponto flutuante

  Original:

  floating-point literals

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  are values of type float, double, or long double

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• literais de cadeia

  Original:

  string literals

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  are sequences of characters, which may be narrow, multibyte, or wide.
• literais booleanos

  Original:

  boolean literals

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  are values of type bool, that is true and false (desde C99)
• definido pelo usuário literais

  Original:

  user-defined literals

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  são valores constantes do especificado pelo usuário (desde C99) tipo

  Original:

  definido pelo usuário literais

  Original:

  user-defined literals

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  are constant values of user-specified type (desde C99)

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Expressões

• ordem de avaliação

  Original:

  order of evaluation

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  of arguments and subexpressions specified the order in which intermediate results are obtained.
• operators permitir o uso de sintaxe comumente encontrados em matemática

  Original:

  operators allow the use of syntax commonly found in mathematics

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• precedência do operador

  Original:

  operator precedence

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  the order in which operators are bound to their arguments
• representações alternativas

  Original:

  alternative representations

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  alternative spellings for some of the operators

Utilitários

• declaração typedef

  Original:

  typedef declaration

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  creates a synonym for a type
• atributos

  Original:

  attributes

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  defines additional information about variable (desde C99)

• conversões standard

  Original:

  standard conversions

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  conversões implícitas de um tipo para outro

  Original:

  conversões standard

  Original:

  standard conversions

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  implicit conversions from one type to another

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Diversos

• Assembly embutido

  Original:

  Inline assembly

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