Practice Python

Calibrating the exercises to the audience is going to be a challenging task, so I ask you to bear with me if the exercises are too easy or too hard. Every week there will be a poll you can click on to discuss whether the exercise is too easy or too hard and hopefully in a few weeks, I'll get the level right. Let's get to it! I will start with the exercise and include a discussion later, in case you want the extra challenge.

Exercise(s)

Create a program that asks the user to enter their name and their age. Print out a message addressed to them that tells them the year that they will turn 100 years old.
Extras:

1. Add on to the previous program by asking the user for another number and printing out that many copies of the previous message. (Hint: order of operations exists in Python)
2. Print out that many copies of the previous message on separate lines. (Hint: the string "\n" is the same as pressing the ENTER button)

Discussion

Concepts for this week:

• Getting user input
• Manipulating strings (a few ways)

User input in Python

To get user input in Python (3), the command you use is input(). Store the result in a variable, and use it to your heart's content. Remember that the result you get from the user will be a string, even if they enter a number.
For example,

name = input("Give me your name: ")
print("Your name is " + name)

What this will print in the terminal (or the shell, whatever you are running Python in) will be:

>>> Give me your name: Michele
Your name is Michele

What happens at the end of input() is that it waits for the user to type something and press ENTER. Only after the user presses ENTER does the program continue.

Manipulating strings (a few ways)

What you get from the input() function is a string. What can you do with it?

1. Make the string into a number. Let's say you are 100% positive that the user entered a number. You can turn the string into an integer with the function int(). (In a later exercise or two or three there will be questions about what to do when the user does NOT enter a number and you try to do this; for now don't worry about that problem). Here is what this looks like:
   

   age = input("Enter your age: ")
   age = int(age)

   (or, if you want to be more compact with your code)
   

   age = int(input("Enter your age: "))

   In both cases, age will hold a variable that is an integer, and now you can do math with it.
   (Note, you can also turn integers into strings exactly in the opposite way, using the str() function)
2. Doing math with strings. What do I mean by that? I mean, if I want to combine (concatenate is the computer science word for this) strings, all I need to do is add them:
   

   print("Were" + "wolf")
   print("Door" + "man")
   print("4" + "chan")
   print(str(4) + "chan")

   The same works for multiplication, but division and subtraction do not work like this.