perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions
This file is the autogenerated documentation of functions in the Perl interpreter that are documented using Perl's internal documentation format but are not marked as part of the Perl API. In other words, they are not for use in extensions!
It has the same sections as perlapi, though some may be empty.
av_fetch_simple This is a cut-down version of av_fetch that assumes that the array is very straightforward - no magic, not readonly, and AvREAL - and that key is not negative. This function MUST NOT be used in situations where any of those assumptions may not hold.
Returns the SV at the specified index in the array. The key is the index. If lval is true, you are guaranteed to get a real SV back (in case it wasn't real before), which you can then modify. Check that the return value is non-null before dereferencing it to a SV*.
The rough perl equivalent is $myarray[$key].
SV ** av_fetch_simple( AV *av, SSize_t key, I32 lval)
SV ** Perl_av_fetch_simple(pTHX_ AV *av, SSize_t key, I32 lval)av_new_alloc This implements "newAV_alloc_x" in perlapi and "newAV_alloc_xz" in perlapi, which are the public API for this functionality.
Creates a new AV and allocates its SV* array.
This is similar to, but more efficient than doing:
AV *av = newAV();
av_extend(av, key);The size parameter is used to pre-allocate a SV* array large enough to hold at least elements 0..(size-1). size must be at least 1.
The zeroflag parameter controls whether or not the array is NULL initialized.
AV * av_new_alloc(SSize_t size,
bool zeroflag )
AV * Perl_av_new_alloc(pTHX_ SSize_t size,
bool zeroflag )av_store_simple This is a cut-down version of av_store that assumes that the array is very straightforward - no magic, not readonly, and AvREAL - and that key is not negative. This function MUST NOT be used in situations where any of those assumptions may not hold.
Stores an SV in an array. The array index is specified as key. It can be dereferenced to get the SV* that was stored there (= val)).
Note that the caller is responsible for suitably incrementing the reference count of val before the call.
Approximate Perl equivalent: splice(@myarray, $key, 1, $val).
SV ** av_store_simple( AV *av, SSize_t key, SV *val)
SV ** Perl_av_store_simple(pTHX_ AV *av, SSize_t key, SV *val)AvFILLp If the array av is empty, this returns -1; otherwise it returns the maximum value of the indices of all the array elements which are currently defined in av. It does not handle magic, hence the p private indication in its name.
SSize_t AvFILLp(AV* av)dowantarray DEPRECATED! It is planned to remove dowantarray from a future release of Perl. Do not use it for new code; remove it from existing code.
Implements the deprecated "GIMME" in perlapi.
U8 dowantarray()
U8 Perl_dowantarray(pTHX)leave_scope Implements LEAVE_SCOPE which you should use instead.
void leave_scope( I32 base)
void Perl_leave_scope(pTHX_ I32 base)magic_freedestruct This function is called via magic to implement the mortal_destructor_sv() and mortal_destructor_x() functions. It should not be called directly and has no user serviceable parts.
int magic_freedestruct( SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
int Perl_magic_freedestruct(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)mortal_svfunc_x This function arranges for a C function reference to be called at the end of the current statement with the arguments provided. It is a wrapper around mortal_destructor_sv() which ensures that the latter function is called appropriately.
Be aware that there is a significant difference in timing between the end of the current statement and the end of the current pseudo block. If you are looking for a mechanism to trigger a function at the end of the current pseudo block you should look at "SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X" in perlapi instead of this function.
void mortal_svfunc_x( SVFUNC_t f, SV *p)
void Perl_mortal_svfunc_x(pTHX_ SVFUNC_t f, SV *p)pop_scope Implements "LEAVE" in perlapi
void pop_scope()
void Perl_pop_scope(pTHX)push_scope Implements "ENTER" in perlapi
void push_scope()
void Perl_push_scope(pTHX)save_adelete Implements SAVEADELETE.
void save_adelete( AV *av, SSize_t key)
void Perl_save_adelete(pTHX_ AV *av, SSize_t key)save_freercpv Implements SAVEFREERCPV.
Saves and frees a refcounted string. Calls rcpv_free() on the argument when the current pseudo block is finished.
void save_freercpv( char *rcpv)
void Perl_save_freercpv(pTHX_ char *rcpv)save_generic_pvref Implements SAVEGENERICPV.
Like save_pptr(), but also Safefree()s the new value if it is different from the old one. Can be used to restore a global char* to its prior contents, freeing new value.
void save_generic_pvref( char **str)
void Perl_save_generic_pvref(pTHX_ char **str)save_generic_svref Implements SAVEGENERICSV.
Like save_sptr(), but also SvREFCNT_dec()s the new value. Can be used to restore a global SV to its prior contents, freeing new value.
void save_generic_svref( SV **sptr)
void Perl_save_generic_svref(pTHX_ SV **sptr)save_hdelete Implements SAVEHDELETE.
void save_hdelete( HV *hv, SV *keysv)
void Perl_save_hdelete(pTHX_ HV *hv, SV *keysv)save_hints Implements SAVEHINTS.
void save_hints()
void Perl_save_hints(pTHX)save_op Implements SAVEOP.
void save_op()
void Perl_save_op(pTHX)save_padsv_and_mortalize Implements SAVEPADSVANDMORTALIZE.
void save_padsv_and_mortalize( PADOFFSET off)
void Perl_save_padsv_and_mortalize(pTHX_ PADOFFSET off)save_pushptr The refcnt of object ptr will be decremented at the end of the current pseudo-block. type gives the type of ptr, expressed as one of the constants in scope.h whose name begins with SAVEt_.
This is the underlying implementation of several macros, like SAVEFREESV.
void save_pushptr( void * const ptr, const int type)
void Perl_save_pushptr(pTHX_ void * const ptr, const int type)save_rcpv Implements SAVERCPV.
Saves and restores a refcounted string, similar to what save_generic_svref would do for a SV*. Can be used to restore a refcounted string to its previous state. Performs the appropriate refcount counting so that nothing should leak or be prematurely freed.
void save_rcpv( char **prcpv)
void Perl_save_rcpv(pTHX_ char **prcpv)save_scalar_at A helper function for localizing the SV referenced by *sptr.
If SAVEf_KEEPOLDELEM is set in in flags, the function returns the input scalar untouched.
Otherwise it replaces *sptr with a new undef scalar, and returns that. The new scalar will have the old one's magic (if any) copied to it. If there is such magic, and SAVEf_SETMAGIC is set in in flags, 'set' magic will be processed on the new scalar. If unset, 'set' magic will be skipped. The latter typically means that assignment will soon follow (e.g., 'local $x = $y'), and that will handle the magic.
SV * save_scalar_at(SV **sptr, const U32 flags)save_set_svflags Implements SAVESETSVFLAGS.
Set the SvFLAGS specified by mask to the values in val
void save_set_svflags( SV *sv, U32 mask, U32 val)
void Perl_save_set_svflags(pTHX_ SV *sv, U32 mask, U32 val)Implements SAVESHAREDPV.
Like save_generic_pvref(), but uses PerlMemShared_free() rather than Safefree(). Can be used to restore a shared global char* to its prior contents, freeing new value.
void save_shared_pvref( char **str)
void Perl_save_shared_pvref(pTHX_ char **str)save_vptr Implements SAVEVPTR.
void save_vptr( void *ptr)
void Perl_save_vptr(pTHX_ void *ptr)There are currently no internal API items in Casting
There are currently no internal API items in Character case changing
There are currently no internal API items in Character classification
There are currently no internal API items in Compiler and Preprocessor information
There are currently no internal API items in Compiler directives
BhkENTRY NOTE: BhkENTRY is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.
Return an entry from the BHK structure. which is a preprocessor token indicating which entry to return. If the appropriate flag is not set this will return NULL. The type of the return value depends on which entry you ask for.
void * BhkENTRY(BHK *hk, token which)BhkFLAGS NOTE: BhkFLAGS is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.
Return the BHK's flags.
U32 BhkFLAGS(BHK *hk)CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS NOTE: CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.
Call all the registered block hooks for type which. which is a preprocessing token; the type of arg depends on which.
void CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS(token which, arg)CVf_SLABBEDCvROOTCvSTARTCX_CURCX_LEAVE_SCOPECX_POPcx_typeCXt_BLOCKCXt_EVALCXt_FORMATCXt_GIVENCXt_LOOP_ARYCXt_LOOP_LAZYIVCXt_LOOP_LAZYSVCXt_LOOP_LISTCXt_LOOP_PLAINCXt_NULLCXt_SUBCXt_SUBSTCXt_WHENCXINCcxstackcxstack_ixCXt_BLOCK*CXt_EVAL*CXt_FORMAT*CXt_GIVEN*CXt_LOOP_ARY*CXt_LOOP_LAZYIV*CXt_LOOP_LAZYSV*CXt_LOOP_LIST*CXt_LOOP_PLAIN*CXt_NULL*CXt_SUB*CXt_SUBST*CXt_WHEN*dounwindDescribed in perlguts.
OP * CvROOT ( CV * sv)
OP * CvSTART ( CV * sv)
CX_CUR ()
void CX_LEAVE_SCOPE( PERL_CONTEXT* cx)
void CX_POP ( PERL_CONTEXT* cx)
PERL_CONTEXT * cxstack
I32 cxstack_ix
void dounwind ( I32 cxix)
void Perl_dounwind (pTHX_ I32 cxix)my_fork This is for the use of PerlProc_fork as a wrapper for the C library fork(2) on some platforms to hide some platform quirks. It should not be used except through PerlProc_fork.
Pid_t my_fork()
Pid_t Perl_my_fork()There are currently no internal API items in COPs and Hint Hashes
core_prototype This function assigns the prototype of the named core function to sv, or to a new mortal SV if sv is NULL. It returns the modified sv, or NULL if the core function has no prototype. code is a code as returned by keyword(). It must not be equal to 0. opnum should be either NULL or the address of a variable that will be set to the op number corresponding to name, if any.
SV * core_prototype( SV *sv, const char *name,
const int code,
int * const opnum)
SV * Perl_core_prototype(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *name,
const int code,
int * const opnum)This section documents functions to manipulate CVs which are code-values, meaning subroutines. For more information, see perlguts.
CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV If true, indicates that the CvXSUBANY(cv).any_sv member contains an SV pointer whose reference count should be decremented when the CV itself is freed. In addition, cv_clone() will increment the reference count, and sv_dup() will duplicate the entire pointed-to SV if this flag is set.
Any CV that wraps an XSUB has an ANY union that the XSUB function is free to use for its own purposes. It may be the case that the code wishes to store an SV in the any_sv member of this union. By setting this flag, this SV reference will be properly reclaimed or duplicated when the CV itself is.
bool CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV(CV *cv)CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV_off Helper macro to turn off the CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV flag.
void CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV_off(CV *cv)CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV_on Helper macro to turn on the CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV flag.
void CvREFCOUNTED_ANYSV_on(CV *cv)CvWEAKOUTSIDE Each CV has a pointer, CvOUTSIDE(), to its lexically enclosing CV (if any). Because pointers to anonymous sub prototypes are stored in & pad slots, it is a possible to get a circular reference, with the parent pointing to the child and vice-versa. To avoid the ensuing memory leak, we do not increment the reference count of the CV pointed to by CvOUTSIDE in the one specific instance that the parent has a & pad slot pointing back to us. In this case, we set the CvWEAKOUTSIDE flag in the child. This allows us to determine under what circumstances we should decrement the refcount of the parent when freeing the child.
There is a further complication with non-closure anonymous subs (i.e. those that do not refer to any lexicals outside that sub). In this case, the anonymous prototype is shared rather than being cloned. This has the consequence that the parent may be freed while there are still active children, e.g.,
BEGIN { $a = sub { eval '$x' } }In this case, the BEGIN is freed immediately after execution since there are no active references to it: the anon sub prototype has CvWEAKOUTSIDE set since it's not a closure, and $a points to the same CV, so it doesn't contribute to BEGIN's refcount either. When $a is executed, the eval '$x' causes the chain of CvOUTSIDEs to be followed, and the freed BEGIN is accessed.
To avoid this, whenever a CV and its associated pad is freed, any & entries in the pad are explicitly removed from the pad, and if the refcount of the pointed-to anon sub is still positive, then that child's CvOUTSIDE is set to point to its grandparent. This will only occur in the single specific case of a non-closure anon prototype having one or more active references (such as $a above).
One other thing to consider is that a CV may be merely undefined rather than freed, eg undef &foo. In this case, its refcount may not have reached zero, but we still delete its pad and its CvROOT etc. Since various children may still have their CvOUTSIDE pointing at this undefined CV, we keep its own CvOUTSIDE for the time being, so that the chain of lexical scopes is unbroken. For example, the following should print 123:
my $x = 123;
sub tmp { sub { eval '$x' } }
my $a = tmp();
undef &tmp;
print $a->();bool CvWEAKOUTSIDE(CV *cv)docatch Interpose, for the current op and RUNOPS loop,
- a new JMPENV stack catch frame, and
- an inner RUNOPS loop to run all the remaining ops following the
current PL_op.Then handle any exceptions raised while in that loop. For a caught eval at this level, re-enter the loop with the specified restart op (i.e. the op following the OP_LEAVETRY etc); otherwise re-throw the exception.
docatch() is intended to be used like this:
PP(pp_entertry)
{
if (CATCH_GET)
return docatch(Perl_pp_entertry);
... rest of function ...
return PL_op->op_next;
}If a new catch frame isn't needed, the op behaves normally. Otherwise it calls docatch(), which recursively calls pp_entertry(), this time with CATCH_GET() false, so the rest of the body of the entertry is run. Then docatch() calls CALLRUNOPS() which executes all the ops following the entertry. When the loop finally finishes, control returns to docatch(), which pops the JMPENV and returns to the parent pp_entertry(), which itself immediately returns. Note that *all* subsequent ops are run within the inner RUNOPS loop, not just the body of the eval. For example, in
sub TIEARRAY { eval {1}; my $x }
tie @a, "main";at the point the 'my' is executed, the C stack will look something like:
#10 main()
#9 perl_run() # JMPENV_PUSH level 1 here
#8 S_run_body()
#7 Perl_runops_standard() # main RUNOPS loop
#6 Perl_pp_tie()
#5 Perl_call_sv()
#4 Perl_runops_standard() # unguarded RUNOPS loop: no new JMPENV
#3 Perl_pp_entertry()
#2 S_docatch() # JMPENV_PUSH level 2 here
#1 Perl_runops_standard() # docatch()'s RUNOPs loop
#0 Perl_pp_padsv()Basically, any section of the perl core which starts a RUNOPS loop may make a promise that it will catch any exceptions and restart the loop if necessary. If it's not prepared to do that (like call_sv() isn't), then it sets CATCH_GET() to true, so that any later eval-like code knows to set up a new handler and loop (via docatch()).
See "Exception handing" in perlinterp for further details.
OP * docatch(Perl_ppaddr_t firstpp)comma_aDEPTH Some functions when compiled under DEBUGGING take an extra final argument named depth, indicating the C stack depth. This argument is omitted otherwise. This macro expands to either , depth under DEBUGGING, or to nothing at all when not under DEBUGGING, reducing the number of #ifdef's in the code.
The program is responsible for maintaining the correct value for depth.
comma_pDEPTH This is used in the prototype declarations for functions that take a "comma_aDEPTH" final parameter, much like pTHX_ is used in functions that take a thread context initial parameter.
debop Implements -Dt perl command line option on OP o.
I32 debop( const OP *o)
I32 Perl_debop(pTHX_ const OP *o)debprof Called to indicate that o was executed, for profiling purposes under the -DP command line option.
void debprof(const OP *o)debprofdump Dumps the contents of the data collected by the -DP perl command line option.
void debprofdump()
void Perl_debprofdump(pTHX)debug_aDEPTH Same as "comma_aDEPTH" but with no leading argument. Intended for functions with no normal arguments, and used by "comma_aDEPTH" itself.
debug_pDEPTH Same as "comma_pDEPTH" but with no leading argument. Intended for functions with no normal arguments, and used by "comma_pDEPTH" itself.
free_c_backtrace Deallocates a backtrace received from get_c_backtrace.
void free_c_backtrace(Perl_c_backtrace *bt)get_c_backtrace Collects the backtrace (aka "stacktrace") into a single linear malloced buffer, which the caller must Perl_free_c_backtrace().
Scans the frames back by depth + skip, then drops the skip innermost, returning at most depth frames.
Perl_c_backtrace * get_c_backtrace( int max_depth,
int skip)
Perl_c_backtrace * Perl_get_c_backtrace(pTHX_ int max_depth,
int skip)PL_DBsingle When Perl is run in debugging mode, with the -d switch, this SV is a boolean which indicates whether subs are being single-stepped. Single-stepping is automatically turned on after every step. This is the C variable which corresponds to Perl's $DB::single variable. See "PL_DBsub".
On threaded perls, each thread has an independent copy of this variable; each initialized at creation time with the current value of the creating thread's copy.
SV * PL_DBsinglePL_DBsub When Perl is run in debugging mode, with the -d switch, this GV contains the SV which holds the name of the sub being debugged. This is the C variable which corresponds to Perl's $DB::sub variable. See "PL_DBsingle".
On threaded perls, each thread has an independent copy of this variable; each initialized at creation time with the current value of the creating thread's copy.
GV * PL_DBsubPL_DBtrace Trace variable used when Perl is run in debugging mode, with the -d switch. This is the C variable which corresponds to Perl's $DB::trace variable. See "PL_DBsingle".
On threaded perls, each thread has an independent copy of this variable; each initialized at creation time with the current value of the creating thread's copy.
SV * PL_DBtracerunops_debugrunops_standardDescribed in perlguts.
int runops_debug ()
int Perl_runops_debug (pTHX)
int runops_standard()
int Perl_runops_standard(pTHX)Global variables are defined and initialized in one place, but referred to from multiple files. They need to be defined and any initialization done in that one place, but extern declarations made for them in each file that may refer to them. Note that there is no harm in declaring a global and not using it.
Perl has a mechanism that allows both purposes to be served while minimizing code duplication. EXTERN.h and INTERN.h define the same relatively few macros, but their definitions are different. In EXTERN.h, the macros expand to declarations of the globals as external to the file. In INTERN.h they actually cause the space to be allocated and possibly initialized.
Most files will follow this paradigm:
#include "EXTERN.h"
...
#include "perl.h">This causes every global symbol that is referred to in perl.h and every file it includes (which is nearly every top level Perl header file) to be declared as external.
The very few files that define globals will instead do
#include "INTERN.h"
...
#include "perl.h">
include the fileIt doesn't work for a file to both define some globals and refer to others as externs. That is, you can only include one of INTERN.h and EXTERN.h.
This section documents the macros that are defined in these two header files. perl.h has many uses of them that can serve as paradigms for you.
DOINIT This is defined in INTERN.h, undefined in EXTERN.h
Most of the time you can use "INIT" to initialize your data structures. But not always. In such cases, you can do the following:
#ifdef DOINIT
... do the declaration and definition ...
#else
declaration only
#endifA typical reason for needing this is when the definition includes #ifdef's. You can't put that portably in a call to INIT, as a macro generally can't itself contain preprocessor directives.
#ifdef DOINITEXTEXTCONSTdEXTdEXTCONST These each designate a global variable. The CONST forms indicate that it is constant.
Use them like this:
Include either EXTERN.h or INTERN.h, but not both
...
#include "perl.h"
...
EXT char PL_WARN_ALL INIT(0);
EXTCONST U8 PL_revision INIT(PERL_REVISION);This will handle everything for you regarding whether they are to actually be defined and initialized or just declared extern.
If the initialization is complex, you may have to use "DOINIT".
If some constants you wish to reference will not become defined by #including perl.h, instead use dEXT and dEXTCONST for them and include whatever files you need to to get them. This is currently very rare, and should be avoided.
INIT Macro to initialize something, used like so:
EXTCONST char PL_memory_wrap[] INIT("panic: memory wrap");It expands to nothing in EXTERN.h.
INIT(const_expr)sv_peek Implements SvPEEK
char * sv_peek( SV *sv)
char * Perl_sv_peek(pTHX_ SV *sv)cv_dump dump the contents of a CV
void cv_dump(const CV *cv, const char *title)cv_forget_slab When a CV has a reference count on its slab (CvSLABBED), it is responsible for making sure it is freed. (Hence, no two CVs should ever have a reference count on the same slab.) The CV only needs to reference the slab during compilation. Once it is compiled and CvROOT attached, it has finished its job, so it can forget the slab.
void cv_forget_slab( CV *cv)
void Perl_cv_forget_slab(pTHX_ CV *cv)do_dump_pad Dump the contents of a padlist
void do_dump_pad( I32 level, PerlIO *file,
PADLIST *padlist, int full)
void Perl_do_dump_pad(pTHX_ I32 level, PerlIO *file,
PADLIST *padlist, int full)get_context Implements "PERL_GET_CONTEXT" in perlapi, which you should use instead.
void * get_context()
void * Perl_get_context()noshutdownhook Stub that provides shutdown hook.
void noshutdownhook()
void Perl_noshutdownhook()pad_alloc_name Allocates a place in the currently-compiling pad (via "pad_alloc" in perlapi) and then stores a name for that entry. name is adopted and becomes the name entry; it must already contain the name string. typestash and ourstash and the padadd_STATE flag gets added to name. None of the other processing of "pad_add_name_pvn" in perlapi is done. Returns the offset of the allocated pad slot.
PADOFFSET pad_alloc_name(PADNAME *name, U32 flags,
NOCHECK HV *typestash, HV *ourstash)pad_block_start Update the pad compilation state variables on entry to a new block.
void pad_block_start( int full)
void Perl_pad_block_start(pTHX_ int full)pad_check_dup Check for duplicate declarations: report any of:
* a 'my' in the current scope with the same name;
* an 'our' (anywhere in the pad) with the same name and the
same stash as 'ourstash'is_our indicates that the name to check is an "our" declaration.
void pad_check_dup(PADNAME *name, U32 flags, const HV *ourstash)pad_findlex Find a named lexical anywhere in a chain of nested pads. Add fake entries in the inner pads if it's found in an outer one.
Returns the offset in the bottom pad of the lex or the fake lex. cv is the CV in which to start the search, and seq is the current cop_seq to match against. If warn is true, print appropriate warnings. The out_* vars return values, and so are pointers to where the returned values should be stored. out_capture, if non-null, requests that the innermost instance of the lexical is captured; out_name is set to the innermost matched pad name or fake pad name; out_flags returns the flags normally associated with the PARENT_FAKELEX_FLAGS field of a fake pad name.
Note that pad_findlex() is recursive; it recurses up the chain of CVs, then comes back down, adding fake entries as it goes. It has to be this way because fake names in anon prototypes have to store in xpadn_low the index into the parent pad.
PADOFFSET pad_findlex(const char *namepv, STRLEN namelen,
U32 flags, const CV *cv, U32 seq,
int warn, SV **out_capture,
PADNAME **out_name, int *out_flags)pad_fixup_inner_anons For any anon CVs in the pad, change CvOUTSIDE of that CV from old_cv to new_cv if necessary. Needed when a newly-compiled CV has to be moved to a pre-existing CV struct.
void pad_fixup_inner_anons( PADLIST *padlist,
CV *old_cv, CV *new_cv)
void Perl_pad_fixup_inner_anons(pTHX_ PADLIST *padlist,
CV *old_cv, CV *new_cv)pad_free Free the SV at offset po in the current pad.
void pad_free( PADOFFSET po)
void Perl_pad_free(pTHX_ PADOFFSET po)pad_leavemy Cleanup at end of scope during compilation: set the max seq number for lexicals in this scope and warn of any lexicals that never got introduced.
OP * pad_leavemy()
OP * Perl_pad_leavemy(pTHX)pad_push Push a new pad frame onto the padlist, unless there's already a pad at this depth, in which case don't bother creating a new one. Then give the new pad an @_ in slot zero.
void pad_push( PADLIST *padlist, int depth)
void Perl_pad_push(pTHX_ PADLIST *padlist, int depth)pad_reset Mark all the current temporaries for reuse
void pad_reset()pad_setsv Set the value at offset po in the current (compiling or executing) pad. Use the macro PAD_SETSV() rather than calling this function directly.
void pad_setsv( PADOFFSET po, SV *sv)
void Perl_pad_setsv(pTHX_ PADOFFSET po, SV *sv)pad_sv Get the value at offset po in the current (compiling or executing) pad. Use macro PAD_SV instead of calling this function directly.
SV * pad_sv( PADOFFSET po)
SV * Perl_pad_sv(pTHX_ PADOFFSET po)pad_swipe Abandon the tmp in the current pad at offset po and replace with a new one.
void pad_swipe( PADOFFSET po, bool refadjust)
void Perl_pad_swipe(pTHX_ PADOFFSET po, bool refadjust)padlist_dup Duplicates a pad.
PADLIST * padlist_dup( PADLIST *srcpad,
CLONE_PARAMS *param)
PADLIST * Perl_padlist_dup(pTHX_ PADLIST *srcpad,
CLONE_PARAMS *param)padname_dup Duplicates a pad name.
PADNAME * padname_dup( PADNAME *src,
CLONE_PARAMS *param)
PADNAME * Perl_padname_dup(pTHX_ PADNAME *src,
CLONE_PARAMS *param)padnamelist_dup Duplicates a pad name list.
PADNAMELIST * padnamelist_dup( PADNAMELIST *srcpad,
CLONE_PARAMS *param)
PADNAMELIST * Perl_padnamelist_dup(pTHX_ PADNAMELIST *srcpad,
CLONE_PARAMS *param)set_context Implements "PERL_SET_CONTEXT" in perlapi, which you should use instead.
void set_context(void *t)
void Perl_set_context(void *t)si_dup Duplicate a stack info structure, returning a pointer to the cloned object.
PERL_SI * si_dup( PERL_SI *si, CLONE_PARAMS *param)
PERL_SI * Perl_si_dup(pTHX_ PERL_SI *si, CLONE_PARAMS *param)ss_dup Duplicate the save stack, returning a pointer to the cloned object.
ANY * ss_dup( PerlInterpreter *proto_perl,
CLONE_PARAMS *param)
ANY * Perl_ss_dup(pTHX_ PerlInterpreter *proto_perl,
CLONE_PARAMS *param)dSAVE_ERRNO Declare variables needed to save errno and any operating system specific error number, and save them for optional later restoration by RESTORE_ERRNO.
void dSAVE_ERRNOdSAVEDERRNO Declare variables needed to save errno and any operating system specific error number.
void dSAVEDERRNORESTORE_ERRNO Restore errno and any operating system specific error number that was saved by dSAVE_ERRNO or RESTORE_ERRNO.
void RESTORE_ERRNOSAVE_ERRNO Save errno and any operating system specific error number for optional later restoration by RESTORE_ERRNO. Requires dSAVEDERRNO or dSAVE_ERRNO in scope.
void SAVE_ERRNOSETERRNO Set errno, and on VMS set vaxc$errno.
void SETERRNO(int errcode, int vmserrcode)There are currently no internal API items in Exception Handling (simple) Macros
There are currently no internal API items in Filesystem configuration values
There are currently no internal API items in Floating point
There are currently no internal API items in General Configuration
There are currently no internal API items in Global Variables
A GV is a structure which corresponds to a Perl typeglob, i.e., *foo. It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc, corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where Perl stores its global variables.
A stash is a hash that contains all variables that are defined within a package. See "Stashes and Globs" in perlguts
amagic_applies Check sv to see if the overloaded (active magic) operation method applies to it. If the sv is not SvROK or it is not an object then returns false, otherwise checks if the object is blessed into a class supporting overloaded operations, and returns true if a call to amagic_call() with this SV and the given method would trigger an amagic operation, including via the overload fallback rules or via nomethod. Thus a call like:
amagic_applies(sv, string_amg, AMG_unary)would return true for an object with overloading set up in any of the following ways:
use overload q("") => sub { ... };
use overload q(0+) => sub { ... }, fallback => 1;and could be used to tell if a given object would stringify to something other than the normal default ref stringification.
Note that the fact that this function returns TRUE does not mean you can successfully perform the operation with amagic_call(), for instance any overloaded method might throw a fatal exception, however if this function returns FALSE you can be confident that it will NOT perform the given overload operation.
method is an integer enum, one of the values found in overload.h, for instance string_amg.
flags should be set to AMG_unary for unary operations.
bool amagic_applies( SV *sv, int method, int flags)
bool Perl_amagic_applies(pTHX_ SV *sv, int method, int flags)gp_dup Duplicate a typeglob, returning a pointer to the cloned object.
GP * gp_dup( GP * const gp,
CLONE_PARAMS * const param)
GP * Perl_gp_dup(pTHX_ GP * const gp,
CLONE_PARAMS * const param)gv_handler Implements StashHANDLER, which you should use instead
CV * gv_handler( HV *stash, I32 id)
CV * Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)gv_stashsvpvn_cached Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, possibly cached. Implements both "gv_stashpvn" in perlapi and "gv_stashsv" in perlapi.
Requires one of either namesv or namepv to be non-null.
If the flag GV_CACHE_ONLY is set, return the stash only if found in the cache; see "gv_stashpvn" in perlapi for details on the other flags.
Note it is strongly preferred for namesv to be non-null, for performance reasons.
HV * gv_stashsvpvn_cached(SV *namesv, const char *name,
U32 namelen,
I32 flags )
HV * Perl_gv_stashsvpvn_cached(pTHX_ SV *namesv,
const char *name, U32 namelen,
I32 flags )gv_try_downgrade NOTE: gv_try_downgrade is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.
If the typeglob gv can be expressed more succinctly, by having something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that gv is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
If gv is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
If gv is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that more compactly represents the same thing.
void gv_try_downgrade( GV *gv)
void Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)There are currently no internal API items in Hook manipulation
A HV structure represents a Perl hash. It consists mainly of an array of pointers, each of which points to a linked list of HE structures. The array is indexed by the hash function of the key, so each linked list represents all the hash entries with the same hash value. Each HE contains a pointer to the actual value, plus a pointer to a HEK structure which holds the key and hash value.
hv_eiter_p Implements HvEITER which you should use instead.
HE ** Perl_hv_eiter_p(pTHX_ HV *hv)hv_eiter_set Implements HvEITER_set which you should use instead.
void Perl_hv_eiter_set(pTHX_ HV *hv, HE *eiter)hv_ename_add Adds a name to a stash's internal list of effective names. See "hv_ename_delete".
This is called when a stash is assigned to a new location in the symbol table.
void hv_ename_add( HV *hv, const char *name, U32 len,
U32 flags)
void Perl_hv_ename_add(pTHX_ HV *hv, const char *name, U32 len,
U32 flags)hv_ename_delete Removes a name from a stash's internal list of effective names. If this is the name returned by HvENAME, then another name in the list will take its place (HvENAME will use it).
This is called when a stash is deleted from the symbol table.
void hv_ename_delete( HV *hv, const char *name,
U32 len, U32 flags)
void Perl_hv_ename_delete(pTHX_ HV *hv, const char *name,
U32 len, U32 flags)hv_fill Returns the number of hash buckets that happen to be in use.
This function implements the HvFILL macro which you should use instead.
As of perl 5.25 this function is used only for debugging purposes, and the number of used hash buckets is not in any way cached, thus this function can be costly to execute as it must iterate over all the buckets in the hash.
STRLEN Perl_hv_fill(pTHX_ HV * const hv)hv_placeholders_get Implements HvPLACEHOLDERS_get, which you should use instead.
I32 Perl_hv_placeholders_get(pTHX_ const HV *hv)hv_placeholders_set Implements HvPLACEHOLDERS_set, which you should use instead.
void Perl_hv_placeholders_set(pTHX_ HV *hv, I32 ph)hv_riter_p Implements HvRITER which you should use instead.
I32 * Perl_hv_riter_p(pTHX_ HV *hv)hv_riter_set Implements HvRITER_set which you should use instead.
void Perl_hv_riter_set(pTHX_ HV *hv, I32 riter)refcounted_he_chain_2hv Generates and returns a HV * representing the content of a refcounted_he chain. flags is currently unused and must be zero.
HV * refcounted_he_chain_2hv(const struct refcounted_he *c,
U32 flags)
HV * Perl_refcounted_he_chain_2hv(pTHX_
const struct refcounted_he *c,
U32 flags)refcounted_he_fetch_pv Like "refcounted_he_fetch_pvn", but takes a nul-terminated string instead of a string/length pair.
SV * refcounted_he_fetch_pv(
const struct refcounted_he *chain,
const char *key, U32 hash,
U32 flags)
SV * Perl_refcounted_he_fetch_pv(pTHX_
const struct refcounted_he *chain,
const char *key, U32 hash,
U32 flags)refcounted_he_fetch_pvn Search along a refcounted_he chain for an entry with the key specified by keypv and keylen. If flags has the REFCOUNTED_HE_KEY_UTF8 bit set, the key octets are interpreted as UTF-8, otherwise they are interpreted as Latin-1. hash is a precomputed hash of the key string, or zero if it has not been precomputed. Returns a mortal scalar representing the value associated with the key, or &PL_sv_placeholder if there is no value associated with the key.
SV * refcounted_he_fetch_pvn(
const struct refcounted_he *chain,
const char *keypv, STRLEN keylen,
U32 hash, U32 flags)
SV * Perl_refcounted_he_fetch_pvn(pTHX_
const struct refcounted_he *chain,
const char *keypv, STRLEN keylen,
U32 hash, U32 flags)refcounted_he_fetch_pvs Like "refcounted_he_fetch_pvn", but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair, and no precomputed hash.
SV * refcounted_he_fetch_pvs(const struct refcounted_he *chain,
"key", U32 flags)refcounted_he_fetch_sv Like "refcounted_he_fetch_pvn", but takes a Perl scalar instead of a string/length pair.
SV * refcounted_he_fetch_sv(
const struct refcounted_he *chain,
SV *key, U32 hash, U32 flags)
SV * Perl_refcounted_he_fetch_sv(pTHX_
const struct refcounted_he *chain,
SV *key, U32 hash, U32 flags)refcounted_he_free Decrements the reference count of a refcounted_he by one. If the reference count reaches zero the structure's memory is freed, which (recursively) causes a reduction of its parent refcounted_he's reference count. It is safe to pass a null pointer to this function: no action occurs in this case.
void refcounted_he_free( struct refcounted_he *he)
void Perl_refcounted_he_free(pTHX_ struct refcounted_he *he)refcounted_he_inc Increment the reference count of a refcounted_he. The pointer to the refcounted_he is also returned. It is safe to pass a null pointer to this function: no action occurs and a null pointer is returned.
struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_inc(
struct refcounted_he *he)
struct refcounted_he * Perl_refcounted_he_inc(pTHX_
struct refcounted_he *he)refcounted_he_new_pv Like "refcounted_he_new_pvn", but takes a nul-terminated string instead of a string/length pair.
struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_new_pv(
struct refcounted_he *parent,
const char *key, U32 hash,
SV *value, U32 flags)
struct refcounted_he * Perl_refcounted_he_new_pv(pTHX_
struct refcounted_he *parent,
const char *key, U32 hash,
SV *value, U32 flags)refcounted_he_new_pvn Creates a new refcounted_he. This consists of a single key/value pair and a reference to an existing refcounted_he chain (which may be empty), and thus forms a longer chain. When using the longer chain, the new key/value pair takes precedence over any entry for the same key further along the chain.
The new key is specified by keypv and keylen. If flags has the REFCOUNTED_HE_KEY_UTF8 bit set, the key octets are interpreted as UTF-8, otherwise they are interpreted as Latin-1. hash is a precomputed hash of the key string, or zero if it has not been precomputed.
value is the scalar value to store for this key. value is copied by this function, which thus does not take ownership of any reference to it, and later changes to the scalar will not be reflected in the value visible in the refcounted_he. Complex types of scalar will not be stored with referential integrity, but will be coerced to strings. value may be either null or &PL_sv_placeholder to indicate that no value is to be associated with the key; this, as with any non-null value, takes precedence over the existence of a value for the key further along the chain.
parent points to the rest of the refcounted_he chain to be attached to the new refcounted_he. This function takes ownership of one reference to parent, and returns one reference to the new refcounted_he.
struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_new_pvn(
struct refcounted_he *parent,
const char *keypv,
STRLEN keylen, U32 hash,
SV *value, U32 flags)
struct refcounted_he * Perl_refcounted_he_new_pvn(pTHX_
struct refcounted_he *parent,
const char *keypv,
STRLEN keylen, U32 hash,
SV *value, U32 flags)refcounted_he_new_pvs Like "refcounted_he_new_pvn", but takes a literal string instead of a string/length pair, and no precomputed hash.
struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_new_pvs(
struct refcounted_he *parent,
"key", SV *value, U32 flags)refcounted_he_new_sv Like "refcounted_he_new_pvn", but takes a Perl scalar instead of a string/length pair.
struct refcounted_he * refcounted_he_new_sv(
struct refcounted_he *parent,
SV *key, U32 hash, SV *value,
U32 flags)
struct refcounted_he * Perl_refcounted_he_new_sv(pTHX_
struct refcounted_he *parent,
SV *key, U32 hash, SV *value,
U32 flags)If no one has access to shared string str with length len, free it.
len and hash must both be valid for str.
void unsharepvn( const char *sv, I32 len, U32 hash)
void Perl_unsharepvn(pTHX_ const char *sv, I32 len, U32 hash)dirp_dup Duplicate a directory handle, returning a pointer to the cloned object.
DIR * dirp_dup( DIR * const dp,
CLONE_PARAMS * const param)
DIR * Perl_dirp_dup(pTHX_ DIR * const dp,
CLONE_PARAMS * const param)fp_dup Duplicate a file handle, returning a pointer to the cloned object.
PerlIO * fp_dup( PerlIO * const fp, const char type,
CLONE_PARAMS * const param)
PerlIO * Perl_fp_dup(pTHX_ PerlIO * const fp, const char type,
CLONE_PARAMS * const param)my_fflush_all Implements PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD on some platforms.
I32 my_fflush_all()
I32 Perl_my_fflush_all(pTHX)my_mkostemp The C library mkostemp(3) if available, or a Perl implementation of it.
int Perl_my_mkostemp(char *templte, int flags)my_mkstemp The C library mkstemp(3) if available, or a Perl implementation of it.
int Perl_my_mkstemp(char *templte)PL_last_in_gv The GV which was last used for a filehandle input operation. (<FH>)
On threaded perls, each thread has an independent copy of this variable; each initialized at creation time with the current value of the creating thread's copy.
GV* PL_last_in_gvPL_ofsgv The glob containing the output field separator - *, in Perl space.
On threaded perls, each thread has an independent copy of this variable; each initialized at creation time with the current value of the creating thread's copy.
GV* PL_ofsgvPL_rs The input record separator - $/ in Perl space.
On threaded perls, each thread has an independent copy of this variable; each initialized at creation time with the current value of the creating thread's copy.
SV* PL_rsstart_glob NOTE: start_glob is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.
Function called by do_readline to spawn a glob (or do the glob inside perl on VMS). This code used to be inline, but now perl uses File::Glob this glob starter is only used by miniperl during the build process, or when PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB is defined. Moving it away shrinks pp_hot.c; shrinking pp_hot.c helps speed perl up.
PerlIO * Perl_start_glob(pTHX_ SV *tmpglob, IO *io)ABS_IV_MIN Returns the absolute value of "IV_MIN" in perlapi, suitable for use in a UV
UV ABS_IV_MINNEGATE_2IV Returns the negative value of uv, which must be non-negative, for use in an IV. The results are undefined if that value would be less than "IV_MIN" in perlapi. This macro is needed because naively saying -uv gives undefined behavior when uv is equal to "ABS_IV_MIN".
IV NEGATE_2IV(UV uv)NEGATE_2UV Returns the absolute value of iv, which must be negative, while avoiding undefined behavior even if iv is "IV_MIN" in perlapi.
UV NEGATE_2UV(IV iv)There are currently no internal API items in I/O Formats
This is the lower layer of the Perl parser, managing characters and tokens.
validate_proto NOTE: validate_proto is experimental and may change or be removed without notice.
This function performs syntax checking on a prototype, proto. If warn is true, any illegal characters or mismatched brackets will trigger illegalproto warnings, declaring that they were detected in the prototype for name.
The return value is true if this is a valid prototype, and false if it is not, regardless of whether warn was true or false.
Note that NULL is a valid proto and will always return true.
bool validate_proto( SV *name, SV *proto, bool warn,
bool curstash)
bool Perl_validate_proto(pTHX_ SV *name, SV *proto, bool warn,
bool curstash)There are currently no internal API items in Locales
"Magic" is special data attached to SV structures in order to give them "magical" properties. When any Perl code tries to read from, or assign to, an SV marked as magical, it calls the 'get' or 'set' function associated with that SV's magic. A get is called prior to reading an SV, in order to give it a chance to update its internal value (get on $. writes the line number of the last read filehandle into the SV's IV slot), while set is called after an SV has been written to, in order to allow it to make use of its changed value (set on $/ copies the SV's new value to the PL_rs global variable).
Magic is implemented as a linked list of MAGIC structures attached to the SV. Each MAGIC struct holds the type of the magic, a pointer to an array of functions that implement the get(), set(), length() etc functions, plus space for some flags and pointers. For example, a tied variable has a MAGIC structure that contains a pointer to the object associated with the tie.
magic_clearhint Triggered by a delete from %^H, records the key to PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash.
int magic_clearhint( SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
int Perl_magic_clearhint(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)magic_clearhints Triggered by clearing %^H, resets PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash.
int magic_clearhints( SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
int Perl_magic_clearhints(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)magic_methcall Invoke a magic method (like FETCH).
sv and mg are the tied thingy and the tie magic.
meth is the name of the method to call.
argc is the number of args (in addition to $self) to pass to the method.
The flags can be:
G_DISCARD invoke method with G_DISCARD flag and don't
return a value
G_UNDEF_FILL fill the stack with argc pointers to
PL_sv_undefThe arguments themselves are any values following the flags argument.
Returns the SV (if any) returned by the method, or NULL on failure.
SV * Perl_magic_methcall(pTHX_ SV *sv, const MAGIC *mg,
SV *meth, U32 flags, U32 argc,
...)magic_sethint Triggered by a store to %^H, records the key/value pair to PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash. It is assumed that hints aren't storing anything that would need a deep copy. Maybe we should warn if we find a reference.
int magic_sethint( SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
int Perl_magic_sethint(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)mg_dup Duplicate a chain of magic, returning a pointer to the cloned object.
MAGIC * mg_dup( MAGIC *mg, CLONE_PARAMS * const param)
MAGIC * Perl_mg_dup(pTHX_ MAGIC *mg, CLONE_PARAMS * const param)mg_localize Copy some of the magic from an existing SV to new localized version of that SV. Container magic (e.g., %ENV, $1, tie) gets copied, value magic doesn't (e.g., taint, pos).
If setmagic is false then no set magic will be called on the new (empty) SV. This typically means that assignment will soon follow (e.g. 'local $x = $y'), and that will handle the magic.
void mg_localize( SV *sv, SV *nsv, bool setmagic)
void Perl_mg_localize(pTHX_ SV *sv, SV *nsv, bool setmagic)calloc Implements "Newxz" in perlapi which you should use instead.
Malloc_t Perl_calloc(MEM_SIZE elements, MEM_SIZE size)malloc Implements "Newx" in perlapi which you should use instead.
Malloc_t Perl_malloc(MEM_SIZE nbytes)mfree Implements "Safefree" in perlapi which you should use instead.
Free_t Perl_mfree(Malloc_t where)realloc Implements "Renew" in perlapi which you should use instead.
Malloc_t Perl_realloc(Malloc_t where, MEM_SIZE nbytes)These functions are related to the method resolution order of perl classes Also see perlmroapi.
mro_get_linear_isa_dfs Returns the Depth-First Search linearization of @ISA the given stash. The return value is a read-only AV* whose elements are string SVs giving class names. level should be 0 (it is used internally in this function's recursion).
You are responsible for SvREFCNT_inc() on the return value if you plan to store it anywhere semi-permanently (otherwise it might be deleted out from under you the next time the cache is invalidated).
AV * mro_get_linear_isa_dfs(HV *stash, U32 level)mro_isa_changed_in Takes the necessary steps (cache invalidations, mostly) when the @ISA of the given package has changed. Invoked by the setisa magic, should not need to invoke directly.
void mro_isa_changed_in( HV *stash)
void Perl_mro_isa_changed_in(pTHX_ HV *stash)mro_package_moved Call this function to signal to a stash that it has been assigned to another spot in the stash hierarchy. stash is the stash that has been assigned. oldstash is the stash it replaces, if any. gv is the glob that is actually being assigned to.
This can also be called with a null first argument to indicate that oldstash has been deleted.
This function invalidates isa caches on the old stash, on all subpackages nested inside it, and on the subclasses of all those, including non-existent packages that have corresponding entries in stash.
It also sets the effective names (HvENAME) on all the stashes as appropriate.
If the gv is present and is not in the symbol table, then this function simply returns. This checked will be skipped if flags & 1.
void mro_package_moved( HV * const stash,
HV * const oldstash,
const GV * const gv,
U32 flags)
void Perl_mro_package_moved(pTHX_ HV * const stash,
HV * const oldstash,
const GV * const gv,
U32 flags)There are currently no internal API items in Multicall Functions
isinfnansv Checks whether the argument would be either an infinity or NaN when used as a number, but is careful not to trigger non-numeric or uninitialized warnings. it assumes the caller has done SvGETMAGIC(sv) already.
Note that this always accepts trailing garbage (similar to grok_number_flags with PERL_SCAN_TRAILING), so "inferior" and "NAND gates" will return true.
bool isinfnansv( SV *sv)
bool Perl_isinfnansv(pTHX_ SV *sv)S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3 Implements the variant of Siphash which performs 1 round function per block, and 3 as part of the finalizer.
Takes a 16 byte seed vector, and uses it to hash inlen bytes from the buffer pointed to by in, returns a 32 bit hash.
The following code should return 0x2976B3A1
char seed[] = "Call me Ishmael.";
char in[] = "It is not down on any map; true places never are.";
U32 hash = S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3(
(const U8*)seed, (const U8*)in, sizeof(in)-1);U64 S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3(const unsigned char * const seed,
const unsigned char *in,
const STRLEN inlen
)S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_with_state Implements the variant of Siphash which performs 1 round function per block, and 3 as part of the finalizer.
Takes a 32 byte 'state' vector prepared by S_perl_siphash_seed_state() and uses it to hash inlen bytes from the buffer pointed to by in, returns a 32 bit hash.
The following code should return 0x2976B3A1
U8 state[32];
char seed[] = "Call me Ishmael.";
S_perl_siphash_seed_state((const U8*)seed, state);
char in[] = "It is not down on any map; true places never are.";
U32 hash = S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_with_state(
state, (const U8*)in, sizeof(in)-1);U32 S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_with_state(
const unsigned char * const state,
const unsigned char *in,
const STRLEN inlen
)S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_with_state_64 Implements the variant of Siphash which performs 1 round function per block, and 3 as part of the finalizer.
Takes a 32 byte 'state' vector prepared by S_perl_siphash_seed_state() and uses it to hash inlen bytes from the buffer pointed to by in, returns a 64 bit hash.
The following code should return 0xB70339FD9E758A5C
U8 state[32];
char seed[] = "Call me Ishmael.";
S_perl_siphash_seed_state((const U8*)seed, state);
char in[] = "It is not down on any map; true places never are.";
U64 hash = S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_with_state_64(
state, (const U8*)in, sizeof(in)-1);U64 S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_with_state_64(
const unsigned char * const state,
const unsigned char *in,
const STRLEN inlen
)S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_64 Implements the variant of Siphash which performs 1 round function per block, and 3 as part of the finalizer.
Takes a 16 byte seed vector, and uses it to hash inlen bytes from the buffer pointed to by in, returns a 64 bit hash.
The following code should return 0xB70339FD9E758A5C
char seed[] = "Call me Ishmael.";
char in[] = "It is not down on any map; true places never are.";
U64 hash = S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_64(
(const U8*)seed, (const U8*)in, sizeof(in)-1);U64 S_perl_hash_siphash_1_3_64(const unsigned char * const seed,
const unsigned char *in,
const STRLEN inlen
)S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4 Implements the variant of Siphash which performs 2 round functions per block, and 4 as part of the finalizer.
Takes a 16 byte seed vector, and uses it to hash inlen bytes from the buffer pointed to by in, returns a 32 bit hash.
The following code should return 0x6421D9AA
char seed[] = "Call me Ishmael.";
char in[] = "It is not down on any map; true places never are.";
U32 hash = S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4(
(const U8*)seed, (const U8*)in, sizeof(in)-1);U32 S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4(const unsigned char * const seed,
const unsigned char *in,
const STRLEN inlen
)S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_with_state Implements the variant of Siphash which performs 2 round function per block, and 4 as part of the finalizer.
Takes a 32 byte 'state' vector prepared by S_perl_siphash_seed_state() and uses it to hash inlen bytes from the buffer pointed to by in, returns a 32 bit hash.
The following code should return 0x6421D9AA
U8 state[32];
char seed[] = "Call me Ishmael.";
S_perl_siphash_seed_state((const U8*)seed, state);
char in[] = "It is not down on any map; true places never are.";
U32 hash = S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_with_state(
state, (const U8*)in, sizeof(in)-1);U32 S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_with_state(
const unsigned char * const state,
const unsigned char *in,
const STRLEN inlen
)S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_with_state_64 Implements the variant of Siphash which performs 2 round functions per block, and 4 as part of the finalizer.
Takes a 32 byte 'state' vector prepared by S_perl_siphash_seed_state() and uses it to hash inlen bytes from the buffer pointed to by in, returns a 64 bit hash.
The following code should return 0x1E84CF1D7AA516B7
U8 state[32];
char seed[] = "Call me Ishmael.";
S_perl_siphash_seed_state((const U8*)seed, state);
char in[] = "It is not down on any map; true places never are.";
U64 hash = S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_with_state_64(
state, (const U8*)in, sizeof(in)-1);U64 S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_with_state_64(
const unsigned char * const state,
const unsigned char *in,
const STRLEN inlen
)S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_64 Implements the variant of Siphash which performs 2 round functions per block, and 4 as part of the finalizer.
Takes a 16 byte seed vector, and uses it to hash inlen bytes from the buffer pointed to by in, returns a 64 bit hash.
The following code should return 0x1E84CF1D7AA516B7
char seed[] = "Call me Ishmael.";
char in[] = "It is not down on any map; true places never are.";
U64 hash = S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_64(
(const U8*)seed, (const U8*)in, sizeof(in)-1);U64 S_perl_hash_siphash_2_4_64(const unsigned char * const seed,
const unsigned char *in,
const STRLEN inlen
)S_perl_siphash_seed_state Takes a 16 byte seed and converts it into a 32 byte state buffer. The contents of state_buf will be overwritten.
If you need to hash a lot of things, then you can use this to process the seed once, and then reuse the state over and over.
The siphash functions which take a seed argument will call this function implicitly every time they are used. Those which take a state argument require the seed to be converted into a state before they are used.
See the various _with_state siphash functions for a usage example.
void S_perl_siphash_seed_state(
const unsigned char * const seed_buf,
unsigned char * state_buf
)new_block_statement Returns a OP * representing block as statement. Block is a loop that happens once.
Available since: v5.44
OP * new_block_statement( OP *block, OP *cont)
OP * Perl_new_block_statement(pTHX_ OP *block, OP *cont)newATTRSUB_x Construct a Perl subroutine, also performing some surrounding jobs.
This function is expected to be called in a Perl compilation context, and some aspects of the subroutine are taken from global variables associated with compilation. In particular, PL_compcv represents the subroutine that is currently being compiled. It must be non-null when this function is called, and some aspects of the subroutine being constructed are taken from it. The constructed subroutine may actually be a reuse of the PL_compcv object, but will not necessarily be so.
If block is null then the subroutine will have no body, and for the time being it will be an error to call it. This represents a forward subroutine declaration such as sub foo ($$);. If block is non-null then it provides the Perl code of the subroutine body, which will be executed when the subroutine is called. This body includes any argument unwrapping code resulting from a subroutine signature or similar. The pad use of the code must correspond to the pad attached to PL_compcv. The code is not expected to include a leavesub or leavesublv op; this function will add such an op. block is consumed by this function and will become part of the constructed subroutine.
proto specifies the subroutine's prototype, unless one is supplied as an attribute (see below). If proto is null, then the subroutine will not have a prototype. If proto is non-null, it must point to a const op whose value is a string, and the subroutine will have that string as its prototype. If a prototype is supplied as an attribute, the attribute takes precedence over proto, but in that case proto should preferably be null. In any case, proto is consumed by this function.
attrs supplies attributes to be applied the subroutine. A handful of attributes take effect by built-in means, being applied to PL_compcv immediately when seen. Other attributes are collected up and attached to the subroutine by this route. attrs may be null to supply no attributes, or point to a const op for a single attribute, or point to a list op whose children apart from the pushmark are const ops for one or more attributes. Each const op must be a string, giving the attribute name optionally followed by parenthesised arguments, in the manner in which attributes appear in Perl source. The attributes will be applied to the sub by this function. attrs is consumed by this function.
If o_is_gv is false and o is null, then the subroutine will be anonymous. If o_is_gv is false and o is non-null, then o must point to a const OP, which will be consumed by this function, and its string value supplies a name for the subroutine. The name may be qualified or unqualified, and if it is unqualified then a default stash will be selected in some manner. If o_is_gv is true, then o doesn't point to an OP at all, but is instead a cast pointer to a GV by which the subroutine will be named.
If there is already a subroutine of the specified name, then the new sub will either replace the existing one in the glob or be merged with the existing one. A warning may be generated about redefinition.
If the subroutine has one of a few special names, such as BEGIN or END, then it will be claimed by the appropriate queue for automatic running of phase-related subroutines. In this case the relevant glob will be left not containing any subroutine, even if it did contain one before. In the case of BEGIN, the subroutine will be executed and the reference to it disposed of before this function returns.
The function returns a pointer to the constructed subroutine. If the sub is anonymous then ownership of one counted reference to the subroutine is transferred to the caller. If the sub is named then the caller does not get ownership of a reference. In most such cases, where the sub has a non-phase name, the sub will be alive at the point it is returned by virtue of being contained in the glob that names it. A phase-named subroutine will usually be alive by virtue of the reference owned by the phase's automatic run queue. But a BEGIN subroutine, having already been executed, will quite likely have been destroyed already by the time this function returns, making it erroneous for the caller to make any use of the returned pointer. It is the caller's responsibility to ensure that it knows which of these situations applies.
CV * newATTRSUB_x( I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto,
OP *attrs, OP *block, bool o_is_gv)
CV * Perl_newATTRSUB_x(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto,
OP *attrs, OP *block, bool o_is_gv)newFORM Constructs, checks, and returns a format op.
void newFORM( I32 floor, OP *o, OP *block)
void Perl_newFORM(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *block)newMYSUB Construct a Perl lexical subroutine, also performing some surrounding jobs, and returning a pointer to the constructed subroutine.
Similar in action to "newATTRSUB_x" in perlintern.
CV * newMYSUB( I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs,
OP *block)
CV * Perl_newMYSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs,
OP *block)newXS_len_flags Construct an XS subroutine, also performing some surrounding jobs.
The subroutine will have the entry point subaddr. It will have the prototype specified by the nul-terminated string proto, or no prototype if proto is null. The prototype string is copied; the caller can mutate the supplied string afterwards. If filename is non-null, it must be a nul-terminated filename, and the subroutine will have its CvFILE set accordingly. By default CvFILE is set to point directly to the supplied string, which must be static. If flags has the XS_DYNAMIC_FILENAME bit set, then a copy of the string will be taken instead.
Other aspects of the subroutine will be left in their default state. If anything else needs to be done to the subroutine for it to function correctly, it is the caller's responsibility to do that after this function has constructed it. However, beware of the subroutine potentially being destroyed before this function returns, as described below.
If name is null then the subroutine will be anonymous, with its CvGV referring to an __ANON__ glob. If name is non-null then the subroutine will be named accordingly, referenced by the appropriate glob. name is a string of length len bytes giving a sigilless symbol name, in UTF-8 if flags has the SVf_UTF8 bit set and in Latin-1 otherwise. The name may be either qualified or unqualified, with the stash defaulting in the same manner as for gv_fetchpvn_flags. flags may contain flag bits understood by gv_fetchpvn_flags with the same meaning as they have there, such as GV_ADDWARN. The symbol is always added to the stash if necessary, with GV_ADDMULTI semantics.
If there is already a subroutine of the specified name, then the new sub will replace the existing one in the glob. A warning may be generated about the redefinition. If the old subroutine was CvCONST then the decision about whether to warn is influenced by an expectation about whether the new subroutine will become a constant of similar value. That expectation is determined by const_svp. (Note that the call to this function doesn't make the new subroutine CvCONST in any case; that is left to the caller.) If const_svp is null then it indicates that the new subroutine will not become a constant. If const_svp is non-null then it indicates that the new subroutine will become a constant, and it points to an SV* that provides the constant value that the subroutine will have.
If the subroutine has one of a few special names, such as BEGIN or END, then it will be claimed by the appropriate queue for automatic running of phase-related subroutines. In this case the relevant glob will be left not containing any subroutine, even if it did contain one before. In the case of BEGIN, the subroutine will be executed and the reference to it disposed of before this function returns, and also before its prototype is set. If a BEGIN subroutine would not be sufficiently constructed by this function to be ready for execution then the caller must prevent this happening by giving the subroutine a different name.
The function returns a pointer to the constructed subroutine. If the sub is anonymous then ownership of one counted reference to the subroutine is transferred to the caller. If the sub is named then the caller does not get ownership of a reference. In most such cases, where the sub has a non-phase name, the sub will be alive at the point it is returned by virtue of being contained in the glob that names it. A phase-named subroutine will usually be alive by virtue of the reference owned by the phase's automatic run queue. But a BEGIN subroutine, having already been executed, will quite likely have been destroyed already by the time this function returns, making it erroneous for the caller to make any use of the returned pointer. It is the caller's responsibility to ensure that it knows which of these situations applies.
CV * newXS_len_flags( const char *name, STRLEN len,
XSUBADDR_t subaddr,
const char * const filename,
const char * const proto,
SV ** const_svp, U32 flags)
CV * Perl_newXS_len_flags(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len,
XSUBADDR_t subaddr,
const char * const filename,
const char * const proto,
SV ** const_svp, U32 flags)op_refcnt_lock Implements the OP_REFCNT_LOCK macro which you should use instead.
void op_refcnt_lock()
void Perl_op_refcnt_lock(pTHX)op_refcnt_unlock Implements the OP_REFCNT_UNLOCK macro which you should use instead.
void op_refcnt_unlock()
void Perl_op_refcnt_unlock(pTHX)package Function sets current stash name and if $version is not NULL, sets it as $VERSION.
It combines former package and package_version into single call.
void package( OP *name, OP *version)
void Perl_package(pTHX_ OP *name, OP *version)traverse_op_tree Return the next op in a depth-first traversal of the op tree, returning NULL when the traversal is complete.
The initial call must supply the root of the tree as both top and o.
For now it's static, but it may be exposed to the API in the future.
OP * traverse_op_tree(OP *top, OP *o)There are currently no internal API items in Pack and Unpack
CX_CURPAD_SAVE Save the current pad in the given context block structure.
void CX_CURPAD_SAVE(struct context)CX_CURPAD_SV Access the SV at offset po in the saved current pad in the given context block structure (can be used as an lvalue).
SV * CX_CURPAD_SV(struct context, PADOFFSET po)PAD_BASE_SV Get the value from slot po in the base (DEPTH=1) pad of a padlist
SV * PAD_BASE_SV(PADLIST padlist, PADOFFSET po)PAD_CLONE_VARS Clone the state variables associated with running and compiling pads.
void PAD_CLONE_VARS(PerlInterpreter *proto_perl,
CLONE_PARAMS* param)PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS Return the flags for the current compiling pad name at offset po. Assumes a valid slot entry.
U32 PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(PADOFFSET po)PAD_COMPNAME_GEN The generation number of the name at offset po in the current compiling pad (lvalue).
STRLEN PAD_COMPNAME_GEN(PADOFFSET po)PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set Sets the generation number of the name at offset po in the current ling pad (lvalue) to gen.
STRLEN PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set(PADOFFSET po, int gen)PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH Return the stash associated with an our variable. Assumes the slot entry is a valid our lexical.
HV * PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH(PADOFFSET po)PAD_COMPNAME_PV Return the name of the current compiling pad name at offset po. Assumes a valid slot entry.
char * PAD_COMPNAME_PV(PADOFFSET po)PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE Return the type (stash) of the current compiling pad name at offset po. Must be a valid name. Returns null if not typed.
HV * PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE(PADOFFSET po)PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL Restore the old pad saved into the local variable opad by PAD_SAVE_LOCAL()
void PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL(PAD *opad)PAD_SAVE_LOCAL Save the current pad to the local variable opad, then make the current pad equal to npad
void PAD_SAVE_LOCAL(PAD *opad, PAD *npad)PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD Save the current pad then set it to null.
void PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD()PAD_SET_CUR Set the current pad to be pad n in the padlist, saving the previous current pad. NB currently this macro expands to a string too long for some compilers, so it's best to replace it with
SAVECOMPPAD();
PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(padlist,n);void PAD_SET_CUR(PADLIST padlist, I32 n)PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE like PAD_SET_CUR, but without the save
void PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(PADLIST padlist, I32 n)PAD_SETSV Set the slot at offset po in the current pad to sv
SV * PAD_SETSV(PADOFFSET po, SV* sv)PAD_SV Get the value at offset po in the current pad
SV * PAD_SV(PADOFFSET po)PAD_SVl Lightweight and lvalue version of PAD_SV. Get or set the value at offset po in the current pad. Unlike PAD_SV, does not print diagnostics with -DX. For internal use only.
SV * PAD_SVl(PADOFFSET po)PadnameIsFIELD Whether this is a "field" variable. PADNAMEs where this is true will have additional information available via PadnameFIELDINFO.
bool PadnameIsFIELD(PADNAME * pn)PadnameIsOUR Whether this is an "our" variable.
bool PadnameIsOUR(PADNAME * pn)PadnameIsSTATE Whether this is a "state" variable.
bool PadnameIsSTATE(PADNAME * pn)PadnameOURSTASH The stash in which this "our" variable was declared.
HV * PadnameOURSTASH(PADNAME * pn)PadnameOUTER Whether this entry belongs to an outer pad. Entries for which this is true are often referred to as 'fake'.
bool PadnameOUTER(PADNAME * pn)PadnameTYPE The stash associated with a typed lexical. This returns the %Foo:: hash for my Foo $bar.
HV * PadnameTYPE(PADNAME * pn)SAVECLEARSV Clear the pointed to pad value on scope exit. (i.e. the runtime action of my)
void SAVECLEARSV(SV **svp)SAVECOMPPAD save PL_comppad and PL_curpad
void SAVECOMPPAD()SAVEPADSVANDMORTALIZE Save a pad slot (used to restore after an iteration)
void SAVEPADSVANDMORTALIZE(PADOFFSET po)There are currently no internal API items in Password and Group access
There are currently no internal API items in Paths to system commands
There are currently no internal API items in Prototype information