The .htaccess file is a configuration file for the Apache web server, that can be used to redirect requests from specific IP addresses to another resources.
In this short note i will show how to redirect requests from one or several IP addresses via .htaccess file to a specific web page or another website. (more…)
The .htaccess file is a configuration file for the Apache web server, that can be used to restrict access to a web-site from a specific IP or a range of IP addresses.
In this note i will show how to deny access from one or several IP addresses via .htaccess file and how to block access from a range of IP addresses or from entire subnets. (more…)
The mod_wsgi is an Apache module that provides a WSGI compliant interface and serves for hosting Python based web applications under Apache (for example Django).
To find out which version of mod_wsgi is installed or compiled, it is required to create a simple WSGI application.
From the following article you will learn how to create and run on Apache a simple WSGI application that prints the version of mod_wsgi. (more…)
The mod_wsgi serves for hosting Python based web applications under Apache.
This short article describes how to create a basic WSGI application and run it on Apache using mod_wsgi.
Below you would find how to create a virtual host in Apache and publish a simple WSGI application that just prints “Hello World!”. (more…)
Apache has a lot of modules (or “mods”) that extend its core functionality for special purposes.
How to list installed Apache modules – is a common question as it is very often required to check which Apache modules are loaded/enabled.
List of installed Apache modules can be found using special option for httpd/apachectl (CentOS, RHEL etc.) or apache2/apache2ctl (Ubuntu, Debian etc.) commands. (more…)
If you have to troubleshoot any Apache issues, it is always a good idea to start with checking of the currently enabled Virtual Hosts.
This can be done with the -S option used on the httpd/apache2 or on the apachectl/apache2ctl.
-S option shows which ports and which IP addresses or domain names are configured for each website being served, shows where the configuration file for each VirtualHost is located and performs a syntax check.
Use one of the following commands to get a list of all VHosts in Apache on RHEL, CentOS, Fedora etc.:
$ httpd -S $ apachectl -S
Use one of the following commands to list all Virtual Hosts served by Apache2 on Ubuntu, Debian, Linux Mint etc.:
$ apache2 -S $ apache2ctl -S
In the output of the above commands you’ll see all currently enabled Virtual Hosts and the result of a syntax check:
VirtualHost configuration: 1.2.3.4:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server default (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default.conf:1) port 80 namevhost example.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/example.conf:1) port 443 namevhost example.com (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/example.conf:15) Syntax OK
In this article you will find how to redirect all traffic and all visitors of your site to a maintenance page during site updates.
I’ll show how to create a maintenance page, how to put the site into a maintenance mode and how to bring it back online without restarting Apache.
You’ll learn how to redirect Apache Vhost’s traffic to a maintenance page using either VirtualHost configuration file or using .HTAccess file. (more…)
This guide explains how to install Apache Web Server on CentOS/RHEL based systems.
Execute the following command to install the latest Apache Server from basic CentOS/RHEL repositories:
# yum install httpd
Set the Apache Server daemon to start at boot.
# chkconfig httpd on
Backup the Apache configuration file httpd.conf.
# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf.backup
Open the Apache configuration file and un-comment the line, containing the text “NameVirtualHost *:80”.
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Save and close the file.
Add the rules to IPTABLES.
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
Append the following lines before the REJECT line, to open http and https ports 80 and 443:
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
Save and close the file. Restart the firewall.
# service iptables restart
Start the Apache HTTP Server daemon.
# service httpd start
Visit http://localhost/ in your web browser, if you’ve installed server on your local machine, or enter the server’s IP address. You should see an Apache Test Page.
This procedure will help you to move or copy your SSL certificate, installed on an IIS server to an Apache server.
Export the private key file from the .PFX file.
$ openssl pkcs12 -in filename.pfx -nocerts -out key.pem
Export the certificate file from the .PFX file.
$ openssl pkcs12 -in filename.pfx -clcerts -nokeys -out cert.pem
This command removes the passphrase from the private key so Apache won’t prompt you for your passphase when it starts.
$ openssl rsa -in key.pem -out server.key
Make sure that the following lines are present in your apache virtual host configuration file and they are correct:
SSLEngine on SSLOptions +StrictRequire SSLCertificateFile /path/to/certificate/cert.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /patch/to/key/server.key
Don’t forget to restart apache at the end.
In this guide, I will show you, how to install LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) – a stack of free, open source software for building a web server for general purpose.
yum install httpd
Backup the apache configuration file ‘httpd.conf’.
cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf.backup
Set the apache service to start at boot.
chkconfig httpd on
Open the httpd configuration file and un-comment the line, containing the text “NameVirtualHost *:80”.
vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Add the rules to IPTABLES.
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
Append the following lines before the REJECT line, to open http and https ports 80 and 443:
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
Save and close the file. Restart the firewall.
service iptables restart
Start the Apache HTTP Server daemon.
service httpd start
Visit http://localhost/ in your web browser, if you’ve installed server on your local machine, or enter the server’s IP address. You should see an Apache Test Page.
yum install mysql-server
Set the MySQL service to start at boot.
chkconfig mysqld on
Start the MySQL service.
service mysqld start
Set the root password for MySQL.
mysqladmin -u root password NEWPASSWORD
Test connectivity to MySQL.
mysql -u root -p
yum install php php-mysql
Restart Apache.
service httpd restart
You should now have the latest PHP installed:
php -v