Template is an important and powerful feature in C++. It is used to pass the data type as a parameter so that you don’t need to write same code for different data types.
It allows you to define the generic classes and generic functions and thus provides support for generic programming.
For example if you need to sort( ) for different data type rather than writing and maintaining the multiple codes you can write one sort( ) and pass data type as a parameter.
How Templates work?
The templates are expanded at the compiler time and they are like macros. The difference is that compiler does type checking before template expansion.
The source code contains only function or class but compiled code may contain multiple copies of same function or class.
