GIT Commands Cheat Sheet

Cheat

Configure

git config --global user.name “[firstname lastname]”

Set a name that is identifiable for credit when review version history

git config --global user.email “[valid-email]”

Set an email address that will be associated with each history marker

git config --global color.ui auto

Set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing

git config --global --list

Lists the git configuration for all repos

git config --global --edit

Opens an editor to edit the git config file

git config --global core.editor <editor_name>

Config default editor

Setup & Init

git init

Initialize an existing directory as a Git repository

git clone [url]

Retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL

Branch & Merge

git branch

List your branches. a * will appear next to the currently active branch

git branch [branch-name]

Create a new branch at the current commit

git branch -d [branch-name]

Deletes the specified branch

git checkout

Switch to another branch and check it out into your working directory

git merge [branch]

Merge the specified branch’s history into the current one

git log

Show all commits in the current branch’s history

Stage & Snapshot

git status

Show modified files in working directory, staged for your next commit

git add [file]

Add a file as it looks now to your next commit (stage)

git reset [file]

Unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory

git diff

Diff of what is changed but not staged

git diff --staged

Diff of what is staged but not yet commited

git commit -m “[descriptive message]”

Commit your staged content as a new commit snapshot

Inspect & Compare

git log

Show the commit history for the currently active branch

git log branchB..branchA

Show the commits on branchA that are not on branchB

git log --follow [file]

Show the commits that changed file, even across renames

git diff branchB...branchA

Show the diff of what is in branchA that is not in branchB

git show [SHA]

Show any object in Git in human-readable format

Share & Update

git remote add [alias] [url]

Add a git URL as an alias

git fetch [alias]

Fetch down all the branches from that Git remote

git merge [alias]/[branch]

Merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date

git push [alias] [branch]

Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch

git pull

Fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch

Tracking Path Changes

git rm [file]

Delete the file from project and stage the removal for commit

git mv [existing-path] [new-path]

Change an existing file path and stage the move

git log --stat -M

Show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved

Temporary Commits

git stash

Save modified and staged changes

git stash list

List stack-order of stashed file changes

git stash pop

Write working from top of stash stack

git stash drop

Discard the changes from top of stash stack

Rewrite History

git rebase [branch]

Apply any commits of current branch ahead of specified one

git reset --hard [commit]

Clear staging area, rewrite working tree from specified commit

Ignoring Patterns

logs/
*.notes
pattern*/

Save a file with desired paterns as .gitignore with either direct string matches or wildcard globs

git config --global core.excludesfile [file]

System wide ignore patern for all local repositories

Glossary

git

An open source, distributed version-control system

GitHub

A platform for hosting and collaborating on Git repositories

commit

A Git object, a snapshot of your entire repository compressed into a SHA

branch

A lightweight movable pointer to a commit

clone

A local version of a repository, including all commits and branches

remote

A common repository on GitHub that all team members use to exchange their changes

fork

A copy of a repository on GitHub owned by a different user

pull request

A place to compare and discuss the differences introduced on a branch with reviews, comments, integrated tests, and more

HEAD

Representing your current working directory, the HEAD pointer can be moved to different branches, tags, or commits when using git switch

Windows CMD Cheat Sheet

What is a Git Commands Cheat Sheet?

A Git Commands Cheat Sheet is a quick reference guide that presents a list of useful command-line instructions to help you with basic usage.

Set Up
1. git init: Initialize a local Git repository
2. git clone <url>: Clone a repository from GitHub into your local machine
Local Changes
1. git status: Check the status of your files (tracked, untracked, modified, etc.)
2. git add .: Add all current changes to the next commit
3. git add <file>: Add some specific changes in <file> to the next commit
4. git commit -m "<message>": Commit all added changes with a message
Branching & Merging
1. git branch: List all local branches
2. git branch <branch-name>: Create a new branch
3. git checkout <branch-name>: Switch to a particular branch
4. git merge <branch-name>: Merge <branch-name> into current branch
Remote Repository (e.g. GitHub)
1. git remote add origin <url>: Set a remote named 'origin' at <url>
2. git pull origin <branch-name>: Fetch changes from the remote and merge into current branch
3. git push origin <branch-name>: Push local changes to the remote branch
Others
1. git log: View commit history
2. git diff: Shows differences between your working directory and the index
3. git stash: Temporarily saves changes that are not ready to be committed
4. git reset: Resets your index and working directory to the state of your last commit

These are just some basic commands, and Git has a rich set of commands to support various version control scenarios. It would be good to learn and understand these commands before diving into more complex ones.

I didn’t work hard to make Ruby perfect for everyone, because you feel differently from me. No language can be perfect for everyone. I tried to make Ruby perfect for me, but maybe it’s not perfect for you. The perfect language for Guido van Rossum is probably Python.
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