Programming Languages

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From the README:

Basically it has hashmaps and arrays, it is untyped. Similar to lua in that regard.

Memory Safe

I hope more languages get these features

The article ArkScript September 2025 update is the last one I wrote, covering all the changes I made on the language this summer.

I think this is a decently interesting consideration in programming language design. When you have things flowing from left to right, not only do you get better autocomplete as per the article, but it's probably also easier to read, and very likely easier to edit (your cursor can simply go in its natural direction instead of having to jump around).

Explores how the Lean programming language handles 2 + 2 = 4, which other programming languages collapse into a bool, but Lean considers a Proposition, and requires Proof.

Pike is a dynamic programming language with a syntax similar to Java and C. It is simple to learn, does not require long compilation passes and has powerful built-in data types allowing simple and really fast data manipulation.

The Go 1.18 release introduced generics and with that a number of new features, including type parameters, type constraints, and new concepts such as type sets. It also introduced the notion of a core type. While the former provide concrete new functionality, a core type is an abstract construct that was introduced for expediency and to simplify dealing with generic operands (operands whose types are type parameters). In the Go compiler, code that in the past relied on the underlying type of an operand, now instead had to call a function computing the operand’s core type. In the language spec, in many places we just needed to replace “underlying type” with “core type”. What’s not to like?

Seed7 is a general purpose programming language designed by Thomas Mertes. It is a higher level language compared to Ada, C/C++ and Java. The Seed7 interpreter and the example programs are open-source software. There is also an open-source Seed7 compiler. The compiler translates Seed7 programs to C programs which are subsequently compiled to machine code.

Lean is a theorem prover and programming language that enables correct, maintainable, and formally verified code

Hare’s boringness is a feature, not a bug. Our goal is not to make programming exciting again, but to make it easy to write simple, obvious programs which are optimized for reliability and longevity. An exciting programming language cannot meet that goal as effectively as Hare does. We have instead sought out the smallest and simplest language design which accommodates these goals. Because we have relatively few features, Hare programs tend to converge upon the single obvious way of solving their problems with the tools at their disposal.

Examples from the README

(I'm not the author or affiliated with the project)

You can only use shell in Makefiles, right? Wrong! Here's how to use python or javascript or sql or whatever in Makefiles! (please don't do this)

A small scripting language.

(I am not the author)

A design that subsumes the various syntactic forms of

Rivulet is a programming language of flowing strands, written in semigraphic characters. A strand is not pictographic: its flow does not simulate computation. There are four kinds of strands, each with their own symbolism and grammatical rules. Together, they form glyphs, tightly-packed blocks of code whose strands execute together.

Hi all,

PL/I (pronounced "Programming Language 1") is a programming language that first appeared in 1964. It resembles BASIC and COBOL. This site is bare-bones and uses tables for layout (common before CSS).

ArkScript is an interpreted/compiled language since it runs on a VM. For a long time, runtime error messages looked like garbage, presenting the user with an error string like "type error: expected Number got Nil" and some internal VM info (instruction, page, and stack pointers). Then, you had to guess where the error occurred.

We’ve just made Marksafe* even more intuitive and concise with shorthand syntax and *delimiter escaping!

Reminds me a bit of prolog with the query system

I finally found a better memory layout to store variables in ArkScript, and I got a 76% performance boost on the binary tree benchmark, and a 21% perf boost on Ackermann(3, 7) Who knew using a contiguous storage buffer could be beneficial? 🤡

Target audience: Practitioners interested in programming language design and familiar with representations of errors in at least a few different languages such as error codes, checked/unchecked exceptions, tagged unions, polymorphic variants etc.

Hello, I made a new programming language called FuncSug. Its purpose is to make GUI programming in the browser easier.

Neut is a functional programming language with static memory management.

A ~1 month old post about (sort-of) real-world experience from someone whose worked on a language as a hobby for 3 years.

The interesting part starts at https://vine.dev/docs/features/inverse

After three years I feel like I'm qualified to give some general advice.

Arenas, a.k.a. regions, are everywhere in modern language implementations. One form of arenas is both super simple and surprisingly effective for compilers and compiler-like things. Maybe because of its simplicity, I haven’t seen the basic technique in many compiler courses—or anywhere else in a CS curriculum for that matter. This post is an introduction to the idea and its many virtues.

Background: the authors are developing a static analysis library (or perhaps framework) called Codex and publishing papers on it. This post summarizes their most recent paper, which got accepted to OOPSLA 2024. The full paper and an artifact (Docker container) are both linked, and Codex is on GitHub with a demo.

The language itself: <https://crystal-lang.org/>. Crystal is heavily inspired by Ruby but with static typing and native compilation (via LLVM). To make up for not being dynamic like Ruby, it has powerful global type inference, meaning you're almost never required to explicitly specify types. The linked "Notes on..." page gives much more details.

Abstract:

Background: What are denotational semantics, and what are they useful for?

I’ve started putting the (long) forum posts I make about ArkScript on my blog, so that more people can follow the development. I must say I like the look of it, that’s also helping me getting back into blogging!

This presents a method to reduce the overhead of the garbage collector, in a language with multi-stage programming (specifically two-level type theory) using regions.

This past few weeks, Python 3.13 and the possibility to disable the GIL has seen a lot of coverage and that pushed me to dig into my own language, to see how different our approaches are.

```c

From homepage:

GitHub (source code for all languages), also linked above.

Dune is a shell designed for powerful scripting. Think of it as an unholy combination of bash and Lisp.

Fennel is a programming language that brings together the simplicity, speed, and reach of Lua with the flexibility of a lisp syntax and macro system.

Abstract:

Back from break, I'm going to start posting regularly again.

GitHub

Soundly handling linearity requires special care in the presence of effect handlers, as the programmer may inadvertently compromise the integrity of a linear resource. For instance, duplicating a continuation that closes over a resource can lead to the internal state of the resource being corrupted or discarding the continuation can lead to resource leakage. Thus a naïve combination of linear resources and effect handlers yields an unsound system.

Programming models like the Actor model and the Tuplespace model make great strides toward simplifying programs that communicate. However, a few key difficulties remain.

Even though it's very unlikely to become popular (and if so, it will probably take a while), there's a lot you learn from creating a programming language that applies to other areas of software development. Plus, it's fun!

The blog post is the author's impressions of Gleam after it released version 1.4.0. Gleam is an upcoming language that is getting a lot of highly-ranked articles.

Zyme is an esoteric language for genetic programming: creating computer programs by means of natural selection.

Key excerpt:

Abstract:

I created Bril, the Big Red Intermediate Language, to support the class's implementation projects. Bril isn't very interesting from a compiler engineering perspective, but I think it's pretty good for the specific use case of teaching compilers classes. Here's a factorial program:

GitHub

Intro: