Abstract

The safe operation of autonomous vehicles hinges on data sensors, such as radars, and data collection equipment, including video cameras, from which occupant data, vehicle operation data, and road basic data are obtained. As smart vehicles and smart cooperative vehicle infrastructure systems become increasingly prevalent, efficient data transmission between cars, roads, and other transportation facilities is essential for the full deployment of autonomous vehicles. Different data receiving devices are often managed by various organizations. In the context of connected vehicles, under the enforcement of personal information protection regulations, it is crucial to identify the types of processed personal information and clarify the specific rights of the corresponding personal information subjects and the legal obligations that various data processors must fulfill. To facilitate data reuse, it is necessary to establish the property characteristics of data and determine its ownerships, providing guidelines for drafting data reuse contracts based on fair principles. As globalization of autonomous driving technology service trade and product trade progresses, it is also imperative to clarify the legal rules governing cross-border data flow among China, the United States, and Europe. In the future, we envision an international framework for cross-border data flow that can be recognized by major countries in the autonomous vehicles data processing domain.