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NAME | LIBRARY | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | ATTRIBUTES | STANDARDS | HISTORY | NOTES | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
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fgetc(3) Library Functions Manual fgetc(3)
fgetc, fgets, getc, getchar, ungetc - input of characters and
strings
Standard C library (libc, -lc)
#include <stdio.h>
int fgetc(FILE *stream);
int getc(FILE *stream);
int getchar(void);
char *fgets(int size;
char s[restrict size], int size, FILE *restrict stream);
int ungetc(int c, FILE *stream);
fgetc() reads the next character from stream and returns it as an
unsigned char cast to an int, or EOF on end of file or error.
getc() is equivalent to fgetc() except that it may be implemented
as a macro which evaluates stream more than once.
getchar() is equivalent to getc(stdin).
fgets() reads in at most one less than size characters from stream
and stores them into the buffer pointed to by s. Reading stops
after an EOF or a newline. If a newline is read, it is stored
into the buffer. A terminating null byte ('\0') is stored after
the last character in the buffer.
ungetc() pushes c back to stream, cast to unsigned char, where it
is available for subsequent read operations. Pushed-back
characters will be returned in reverse order; only one pushback is
guaranteed.
Calls to the functions described here can be mixed with each other
and with calls to other input functions from the stdio library for
the same input stream.
For nonlocking counterparts, see unlocked_stdio(3).
fgetc(), getc(), and getchar() return the character read as an
unsigned char cast to an int or EOF on end of file or error.
fgets() returns s on success, and NULL on error or when end of
file occurs while no characters have been read.
ungetc() returns c on success, or EOF on error.
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
┌──────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬─────────┐
│ Interface │ Attribute │ Value │
├──────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼─────────┤
│ fgetc(), fgets(), getc(), getchar(), │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe │
│ ungetc() │ │ │
└──────────────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴─────────┘
C11, POSIX.1-2008.
POSIX.1-2001, C89.
It is not advisable to mix calls to input functions from the stdio
library with low-level calls to read(2) for the file descriptor
associated with the input stream; the results will be undefined
and very probably not what you want.
read(2), write(2), ferror(3), fgetwc(3), fgetws(3), fopen(3),
fread(3), fseek(3), getline(3), gets(3), getwchar(3), puts(3),
scanf(3), ungetwc(3), unlocked_stdio(3), feature_test_macros(7)
This page is part of the man-pages (Linux kernel and C library
user-space interface documentation) project. Information about
the project can be found at
⟨https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/⟩. If you have a bug report
for this manual page, see
⟨https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/docs/man-pages/man-pages.git/tree/CONTRIBUTING⟩.
This page was obtained from the tarball man-pages-6.15.tar.gz
fetched from
⟨https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/man-pages/⟩ on
2025-08-11. If you discover any rendering problems in this HTML
version of the page, or you believe there is a better or more up-
to-date source for the page, or you have corrections or
improvements to the information in this COLOPHON (which is not
part of the original manual page), send a mail to
[email protected]
Linux man-pages 6.15 2025-06-28 fgetc(3)
Pages that refer to this page: auplugin_fgets(3), EOF(3const), ferror(3), fgetwc(3), fgetws(3), flockfile(3), fpurge(3), fseek(3), getline(3), gets(3), getw(3), getwchar(3), puts(3), rpmatch(3), scanf(3), sscanf(3), stdio(3), ungetwc(3)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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