Python Module Index

_ | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | z
 
_
__future__ Future statement definitions
__main__ The environment where top-level code is run. Covers command-line interfaces, import-time behavior, and ``__name__ == '__main__'``.
_thread Low-level threading API.
_tkinter A binary module that contains the low-level interface to Tcl/Tk.
 
a
abc Abstract base classes according to :pep:`3119`.
aifcDeprecated: Removed in 3.13.
annotationlib Functionality for introspecting annotations
argparse Command-line option and argument parsing library.
array Space efficient arrays of uniformly typed numeric values.
ast Abstract Syntax Tree classes and manipulation.
asynchatDeprecated: Removed in 3.12.
asyncio Asynchronous I/O.
asyncoreDeprecated: Removed in 3.12.
atexit Register and execute cleanup functions.
audioopDeprecated: Removed in 3.13.
 
b
base64 RFC 4648: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings; Base85 and Ascii85
bdb Debugger framework.
binascii Tools for converting between binary and various ASCII-encoded binary representations.
bisect Array bisection algorithms for binary searching.
builtins The module that provides the built-in namespace.
bz2 Interfaces for bzip2 compression and decompression.
 
c
calendar Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program.
cgiDeprecated: Removed in 3.13.
cgitbDeprecated: Removed in 3.13.
chunkDeprecated: Removed in 3.13.
cmath Mathematical functions for complex numbers.
cmd Build line-oriented command interpreters.
code Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops.
codecs Encode and decode data and streams.
codeop Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code.
collections Container datatypes
    collections.abc Abstract base classes for containers
colorsys Conversion functions between RGB and other color systems.
compileall Tools for byte-compiling all Python source files in a directory tree.
compression
    compression.zstd Low-level interface to compression and decompression routines in the zstd library.
concurrent
    concurrent.futures Execute computations concurrently using threads or processes.
    concurrent.interpreters Multiple interpreters in the same process
configparser Configuration file parser.
contextlib Utilities for with-statement contexts.
contextvars Context Variables
copy Shallow and deep copy operations.
copyreg Register pickle support functions.
cProfile
cryptDeprecated: Removed in 3.13.
csv Write and read tabular data to and from delimited files.
ctypes A foreign function library for Python.
curses An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling.
    curses.ascii Constants and set-membership functions for ASCII characters.
    curses.panel A panel stack extension that adds depth to curses windows.
    curses.textpad Emacs-like input editing in a curses window.
 
d
dataclasses Generate special methods on user-defined classes.
datetime Basic date and time types.
dbm Interfaces to various Unix "database" formats.
    dbm.dumb Portable implementation of the simple DBM interface.
    dbm.gnu GNU database manager
    dbm.ndbm The New Database Manager
    dbm.sqlite3 SQLite backend for dbm
decimal Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification.
difflib Helpers for computing differences between objects.
dis Disassembler for Python bytecode.
distutilsDeprecated: Removed in 3.12.
doctest Test pieces of code within docstrings.
 
e
email Package supporting the parsing, manipulating, and generating email messages.
    email.charset Character Sets
    email.contentmanager Storing and Retrieving Content from MIME Parts
    email.encoders Encoders for email message payloads.
    email.errors The exception classes used by the email package.
    email.generator Generate flat text email messages from a message structure.
    email.header Representing non-ASCII headers
    email.headerregistry Automatic Parsing of headers based on the field name
    email.iterators Iterate over a message object tree.
    email.message The base class representing email messages.
    email.mime Build MIME messages.
    email.mime.application
    email.mime.audio
    email.mime.base
    email.mime.image
    email.mime.message
    email.mime.multipart
    email.mime.nonmultipart
    email.mime.text
    email.parser Parse flat text email messages to produce a message object structure.
    email.policy Controlling the parsing and generating of messages
    email.utils Miscellaneous email package utilities.
encodings Encodings package
    encodings.idna Internationalized Domain Names implementation
    encodings.mbcs Windows ANSI codepage
    encodings.utf_8_sig UTF-8 codec with BOM signature
ensurepip Bootstrapping the "pip" installer into an existing Python installation or virtual environment.
enum Implementation of an enumeration class.
errno Standard errno system symbols.
 
f
faulthandler Dump the Python traceback.
fcntl The fcntl() and ioctl() system calls.
filecmp Compare files efficiently.
fileinput Loop over standard input or a list of files.
fnmatch Unix shell style filename pattern matching.
fractions Rational numbers.
ftplib FTP protocol client (requires sockets).
functools Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects.
 
g
gc Interface to the cycle-detecting garbage collector.
getopt Portable parser for command line options; support both short and long option names.
getpass Portable reading of passwords and retrieval of the userid.
gettext Multilingual internationalization services.
glob Unix shell style pathname pattern expansion.
graphlib Functionality to operate with graph-like structures
grp The group database (getgrnam() and friends).
gzip Interfaces for gzip compression and decompression using file objects.
 
h
hashlib Secure hash and message digest algorithms.
heapq Heap queue algorithm (a.k.a. priority queue).
hmac Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication (HMAC) implementation
html Helpers for manipulating HTML.
    html.entities Definitions of HTML general entities.
    html.parser A simple parser that can handle HTML and XHTML.
http HTTP status codes and messages
    http.client HTTP and HTTPS protocol client (requires sockets).
    http.cookiejar Classes for automatic handling of HTTP cookies.
    http.cookies Support for HTTP state management (cookies).
    http.server HTTP server and request handlers.
 
i
idlelib Implementation package for the IDLE shell/editor.
imaplib IMAP4 protocol client (requires sockets).
imghdrDeprecated: Removed in 3.13.
impDeprecated: Removed in 3.12.