Limits
| Feature | Limit |
|---|---|
| Databases | 50,000 (Workers Paid)1 / 10 (Free) |
| Maximum database size | 10 GB (Workers Paid) / 500 MB (Free) |
| Maximum storage per account | 1 TB (Workers Paid)2 / 5 GB (Free) |
| Time Travel duration (point-in-time recovery) | 30 days (Workers Paid) / 7 days (Free) |
| Maximum Time Travel restore operations | 10 restores per 10 minute (per database) |
| Queries per Worker invocation (read subrequest limits) | 1000 (Workers Paid) / 50 (Free) |
| Maximum number of columns per table | 100 |
| Maximum number of rows per table | Unlimited (excluding per-database storage limits) |
Maximum string, BLOB or table row size | 2,000,000 bytes (2 MB) |
| Maximum SQL statement length | 100,000 bytes (100 KB) |
| Maximum bound parameters per query | 100 |
| Maximum arguments per SQL function | 32 |
Maximum characters (bytes) in a LIKE or GLOB pattern | 50 bytes |
| Maximum bindings per Workers script | Approximately 5,000 3 |
| Maximum SQL query duration | 30 seconds 4 |
Maximum file import (d1 execute) size | 5 GB 5 |
Footnotes
1: The maximum number of databases per account can be increased by request on Workers Paid and Enterprise plans, with support for millions to tens-of-millions of databases (or more) per account. Refer to the guidance on limit increases on this page to request an increase.
2: The maximum storage per account can be increased by request on Workers Paid and Enterprise plans. Refer to the guidance on limit increases on this page to request an increase.
3: A single Worker script can have up to 1 MB of script metadata. A binding is defined as a binding to a resource, such as a D1 database, KV namespace, environmental variable, or secret. Each resource binding is approximately 150 bytes, however environmental variables and secrets are controlled by the size of the value you provide. Excluding environmental variables, you can bind up to ~5,000 D1 databases to a single Worker script.
4: Requests to Cloudflare API must resolve in 30 seconds. Therefore, this duration limit also applies to the entire batch call.
5: The imported file is uploaded to R2. Refer to R2 upload limit.
Cloudflare also offers other storage solutions such as Workers KV, Durable Objects, and R2. Each product has different advantages and limits. Refer to Choose a data or storage product to review which storage option is right for your use case.