This is an unofficial snapshot of the ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21 Core Issues List revision 117a. See http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/ for the official list.

2025-04-13

1838. Definition via unqualified-id and using-declaration

[Moved to DR at the November, 2014 meeting.]

The Standard is not clear about what happens when an entity is declared but not defined in an inner namespace and declared via a using-declaration in an outer namespace, and a definition of an entity with that name as an unqualified-id appears in the outer namespace. Is this a legitimate definition of the inner-namespace entity, as it would be if the definition used a qualified-id, or is the definition a member of the outer namespace and thus in conflict with the using-declaration? There is implementation divergence on the treatment of such definitions.

See also issues 1708 and 1021.

Notes from the February, 2014 meeting:

CWG agreed that the definition in such cases is a member of the outer namespace, not a redeclaration of the name introduced in that namespace by the using-declaration.

Proposed Resolution (July, 2014):

1. Change _N4868_.9.8.2.3 [namespace.memdef] paragraph 1 as follows:

Members (including explicit specializations of templates (13.9.4 [temp.expl.spec])) of a namespace can be defined within that namespace. [Example:

  namespace X {
    void f() { /* ... */ }  
  }

—end example]

2. Change _N4868_.9.8.2.3 [namespace.memdef] paragraph 3 as follows:

Every name first declared in a namespace is a member of that namespace. If a friend declaration...

This resolution also resolves issues 1021 and 987.