Papers by Avicenna Journal of Neuro Psycho Physiology
Background: Academic performance is associated with an individual's psychological state. Objectiv... more Background: Academic performance is associated with an individual's psychological state. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of identity styles in the relationship between procrastination and academic performance in high school boy students.
Background: Psychological well-being in couples can improve marital affairs and the mental health... more Background: Psychological well-being in couples can improve marital affairs and the mental health
of the couples.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to predict psychological well-being based on marital
intimacy, resiliency, and the mental health of couples.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 150 couples
referring to the counseling centers in districts 1 and 2 of Tehran between Feb and May 2019
selected by the convenience sampling. The subjects were tested using the psychological well-being
scale, resilience scale, general health questionnaire, and marital intimacy. Data were analyzed by
the Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis using SPSS V. 22 software.
Results: The results showed a positive correlation between psychological well-being and marital
intimacy (r= 0.47, P<0.0001), whereas there was a negative correlation between psychological
well-being and the mental health components (P<0.0001). Also, the results of the regression model
showed that marital intimacy, resilience, and mental health were able to predict psychological
well-being (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that by increasing the components of psychological well-being,
marital intimacy and resilience increase, whereas by an increase in psychological well-being,
mental health problems decrease.
Background: Divorce is one of the most stressful events leading to emotional distress and behavio... more Background: Divorce is one of the most stressful events leading to emotional distress and behavioral problems in individuals. Meanwhile, women are more vulnerable than men to the consequences of divorce.
Background: Obesity in adolescents is associated with not only physical and psychological
problem... more Background: Obesity in adolescents is associated with not only physical and psychological
problems but also a decrease in educational performance.
Objectives: This study aimed at determining the behavioral and psychological factors associated
with academic performance in overweight and obese girl students in Kermanshah, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 419 overweight and obese
female high school students of Kermanshah in 2017 selected through two-stage cluster sampling.
Data were collected using the standard questionnaires, including high school students’ academic
performance, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire, Littleton’s
Body Image Concern Inventory, physical activity subscale of Walker’s Health-Promoting Lifestyle
Profile II, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Data analysis for structural equation modeling was
performed using the IBM SPSS AMOS V. 21 software.
Results: Self-esteem was found to have significant direct (β=0.412) and indirect (β=0.142) effects
on academic performance, with direct effects being stronger (P<0.001). Body image, physical
activity, general health, and sleep quality were found to have a significant direct effect on academic
performance (P<0.05). However, these factors also had a significant indirect effect on this variable
through the mediation of general health (P<0.05). Overall, these variables accounted for 35% of
the variance in academic performance.
Conclusion: Self-esteem, body image, physical activity, and sleep quality affect the academic
performance of obese and overweight girl high school students not only directly but also indirectly
through general health. The results of this study demonstrated the mediating role of mental health
in predicting the academic performance of overweight and obese girl students.
Background: The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between perception of il... more Background: The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between perception of illness and difficulty in emotion regulation with the mediating role of quality of marital life in married women with breast cancer.
Background: Obesity in adolescents is associated with not only physical and psychological problem... more Background: Obesity in adolescents is associated with not only physical and psychological problems but also a decrease in educational performance.
Background: Psychological hardiness and social support are two necessary health-elevating factors... more Background: Psychological hardiness and social support are two necessary health-elevating factors that strengthen individuals to remain both psychologically and physically healthy despite encountering negative life events.
Introduction: Cyberspace covers many aspects of human life and the tendency to cyberspace can inf... more Introduction: Cyberspace covers many aspects of human life and the tendency to cyberspace can influence his cognitive and emotional aspects. Objectives: Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to model the structural relationships of metacognitive states and the tendency to virtual networks mediated by the social adjustment in gifted students. Materials and Methods: This correlational-descriptive research using structural equations modeling was conducted on all 300 eleventh grade gifted students of Sampad High School studying experimental sciences in the academic year 2019 in Gorgan city. A total of 300 students were selected through the census method and evaluated by the Virtual Networks Questionnaire by Mojarradi et al. State Metacognitive Inventory by O'Neill & Abedi, and California Test of Personality. Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling using SPSS 18 and Amos 23 software. Results: The results showed a significant negative relationship between metacognitive states and social adjustment, and tendency to virtual networks (P≤0.01). The research model was well-fit and confirmed. Also, 0.31 of the variance of the tendency to virtual networks was explained by metacognitive states and social adjustment and social adaptability played a mediating role in the relationship between metacognitive states and the tendency to virtual networks (P≤0.01). Conclusion: Changes in tendency to cybersecurity can be explained directly based on metacognitive and indirect social adjustment states in gifted students. This study has practical implications for school counselors.
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and
r... more Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and
resilience by the mediating role of students’ academic adjustment.
Objectives: This was a descriptive, correlational, and path analysis study.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population consisted of all male high-school students in
Bandar-e Langeh City, Iran, in the 2017-2018 academic year (N= about 1300). Using a multistage
cluster sampling method, and Morgan and Krejcie’s Table, 400 individuals were selected. The
data-gathering instruments were Ahvaz Perfectionism Scale, Resilience Scale, and Academic
Adjustment Inventory for high school students. A path analysis was used to analyze the obtained
data by SPSS and LISREL.
Results: The present study findings suggested that perfectionism decreased the investigated
students’ resilience (B=-0.21, P<0.0001). Moreover, an educational adjustment had a mediating
role between perfectionism and resilience (B=-0.24, P<0.0001). Besides, changes in the variance of
resilience scores with the mediation of academic compatibility could be explained by perfectionism
among the studied students (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The obtained data suggested that planning to improve students’ academic adaptability
could play an essential role in increasing resilience by reducing the negative impact of their
perfectionism.
Introduction: Satisfactory marital relations are the basis of the proper performance of families;... more Introduction: Satisfactory marital relations are the basis of the proper performance of families; it leads to qualification development, increased compatibility power, and adaptability among family members. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effect of Solution-Focused Couple Therapy (SFCT) on communicational patterns and flexibility in divorce applicant couples. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/ post-test and a control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all divorce applicant couples referring to the Marham clinic of Sari City, Iran, in the second half of the year 2017. Of them, 32 people were selected by purposive sampling method. To collect data, we used the Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ) by Christensen and Sullaway (1984) and the Flexibility Inventory of Dennis and Vander Wal (2010). as the obtained data we analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Besides, we employed the Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and t-test to investigate the hypotheses in SPSS. Additionally, the Scheffe posthoc test was used for the two-by-two comparison of the groups. Results: The present study results revealed that the experimental and control groups significantly differed in the solution-focused technique, and the male demands/female withdraws (t=2.44, P≤0.000) and mutual constructive communication (t=8.39, P≤0.000) subcomponents. The effect of training solution-focused technique on flexibility (F=55.63, P<0.001), alternative (F=57.85, P<0.001), control (F=17.27, P<0.001), and alternatives for human behavior (F=26.56, P<0.001) of the study subjects was statistically significant. Conclusion: SFCT affects communicational patterns and flexibility in divorce applicant couples. It is suggested that SFCT be the priority of clinical interventions to increase communicational patterns and flexibility in divorce applicant couples.
Introduction: Obesity and obesity-related diabetes became epidemics globally. Obesity and
diabete... more Introduction: Obesity and obesity-related diabetes became epidemics globally. Obesity and
diabetes, as one of its associated illnesses, could change family reactions and interactions.
Therefore, diabetes is considered a family matter that, like other chronic diseases, affects marital
relationships.
Objectives: The present study investigated the effectiveness of transactional analysis on couple
burnout in obese women with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/ post-test and followup
as well as a control group design. The study population consisted of all married obese women
with type 2 diabetes who were members of the Gonbad-e Kavous Diabetes Association in 2018.
Of them, 40 persons were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups
(20 patients per group). Then, the experimental group received transactional analysis intervention
in 10 two-hour sessions, one session per week. The controls received no intervention during the
research period. The research instrument was the Pines Couple Burnout Measure (CBM), which
was completed by study participants in the Pre-test, Post-test, and follow-up phases. The obtained
data were analyzed by repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni posthoc
test in SPSS.
Results: The repeated-measures ANOVA results indicated that transactional analysis could
significantly decrease the couple burnout and its components, i.e. physical exhaustion, emotional
exhaustion, and mental exhaustion in the experiment group participants in the Post-test and
follow-up phases, compared to the controls (P<0.01). The effect size of the treatment was 73%
on couple fatigue, 67% on physical exhaustion, 74% on emotional exhaustion, and 60% on mental
exhaustion.
Conclusion: According to the study results, psychologists and family counselors are recommended
to implement transactional analysis as an appropriate intervention to reduce the marital problems
of obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of positive psychotherapy on
inte... more Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of positive psychotherapy on
internet addiction and identity crisis in senior female high school students in Falavarjan City, Iran.
Objectives: The use of the internet and social networks greatly influences the values
of adolescents and demands; the needs previously met by the family are now met
by this new medium.
Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test; post-test and a
control group design. The statistical population of this study included senior high school female
students and their parents from Falavarjan City (Isfahan Province, Iran) during the 2018-2019
academic year. Forty female high school students were selected by a multistage cluster sampling
method. Then, they and their parents were randomly assigned into the control and experimental
groups. The tools used in the study included Family Communication Patterns, Generalized
Pathological Internet Use Scale, and Identity Crisis Questionnaire. The intervention included 8
positive psychotherapy sessions for parents and 9 positive psychotherapy sessions for adolescents.
The obtained data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA).
Results: The achieved results indicated that positive psychotherapy significantly reduced internet
addiction (F=117.02, P<0.0005) and identity crisis (F=146.199, P<0.0005) in female adolescents
(P<0.0005).
Conclusion: The study findings suggested that positive psychotherapy impacted Internet addiction
and identity crisis in female senior high school students.
103
Research Paper:
Comparing Personality Disorders and Criminal Thinking
Styles in Male and Fema... more 103
Research Paper:
Comparing Personality Disorders and Criminal Thinking
Styles in Male and Female Prisoners Convicted of
Violent Crimes
Mohammad Hossein Shahbahrami1 , Farideh Dokanehifard2*
1. Department of Counseling, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran.
2. Department of Psychology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran.
* Corresponding Author:
Farideh Dokanehifard, PhD.
Address: Department of Counseling, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran.
Tel: +98 (912) 1236292
E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: Crime has a history as long as humanity; issues related to offenders and prisoners,
in particular, its relation to psychiatric issues and problems, are among the most challenging and
active areas of research.
Objectives: This study aimed at comparing personality disorders and criminal thinking styles in
male and female prisoners sentenced to violent crimes.
Materials and Methods: This was a causal-comparative research. We investigated a sample of
996 prisoners convicted of violent crimes in Alborz Province, Iran, in 2017. The required data
were collected using a demographic data questionnaire, Texas Christine Criminal Thinking Style
Questionnaire, and Millon Personality Disorder Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed
using Independent Samples t-test and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANCOVA) in SPSS.
Results: The collected results revealed that the prevalence of all mental disorders was averagely
higher than the cutoff point in prisoners (P<0.0001). The MANCOVA results indicated a significant
difference in criminal thinking style between male and female prisoners convicted of violent
crimes (P<0.01, F1,200=7.324, E2=0.180).
Conclusion: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among male and female prisoners the violent
crime was higher than the average rate of society. Additionally, criminal thinking styles among
male and female prisoners committed to violent crimes were above the average rate of society.
Background: The aging population is undoubtedly an optimum success created by changes in mortalit... more Background: The aging population is undoubtedly an optimum success created by changes in mortality decline, as well as social and economic processes. Objectives: The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between personality-based psychological well-being variables and the mediation of self-care, spiritual experiences, and death anxiety. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the present correlational study included all elderly individuals, who were being taken care of in private and public centers in Tehran, Iran, from 2017 to 2018. A total of 300 elderly people (76 males and 224 females) were selected by the systematic stratified random sampling method. Ryff's psychological well-being inventory, daily spiritual experiences scale, and NEO five-factor personality traits inventory were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by SPSS V. 22 and Amos 22, using multiple regression, path analysis, and structural equation modeling. Results: Personality variables (five-factor) predicted psychological well-being. Personality variables both directly and indirectly had a significant relationship with psychological well-being through spirituality and death anxiety. Conclusion: The predictive model of elderly psychological well-being based on personality with the mediation of self-care, spiritual experiences, and death anxiety has fitness.
Background: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is one of the behavioral disorders that cause sig... more Background: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is one of the behavioral disorders that cause significant clinical disorder in a person's academic, social, and occupational functioning. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Transactional Analysis (TA) for behavior training on parent-child relationships in mothers with children suffering from defiant disobedience in Isfahan City, Iran. Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental study used a pre-test-post-test design with the experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this study included all mothers of children with the ODD and their children in Isfahan in 2017. The multistage cluster sampling method was used in this research. Thirty students, whose scores in the child symptom inventory-4 were high and had ODD symptoms, were randomly selected; 15 individuals were assigned to the experimental group and 15 individuals to the control group. Then, the mothers of the experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes, each week one session, during a group training for TA. But, the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tool was Fine's parent-child relationship survey. Results: The group TA for behavior training had a significant effect on parent-child relationships and its components (P<0.001), including positive affect (F=22.32, P<0.001), role disturbance (F=11.91, P<0.002), and identity determination (F=9.87, P<0.001). Conclusion: Considering that the TA for behavior training can increase the extent of interactions, it has critical developmental consequences. Therefore, it seems that in clinical situations, by doing these kinds of interventions and promoting the mental health of the parents, positive and lasting steps can be taken to eliminate or relieve children's behavioral problems.
Background: Regarding the high prevalence of anxiety among students and its negative impact on th... more Background: Regarding the high prevalence of anxiety among students and its negative impact on their academic achievement, evaluating the efficacy of psychiatric-educational therapeutic interventions on anxiety is necessary. Objectives: The aim of the present research was to predict mindfulness based on emotional regulation and anxiety among high school students in Rasht City, Iran. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the present descriptive-correlational study included all female high school students in Rasht during the academic year 2016-2017. A total of 150 individuals were selected as the sample of the study, using the random multistage cluster sampling method. In order to collect data, the mindful attention awareness scale, cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, and children's manifest anxiety scale were used. The data were analyzed by SPSS V. 22, using the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: There was a positive relationship between positive emotion regulation components and negative relationship with mindfulness (P<0.01). Also, there was a negative relationship between anxiety and mindfulness (P<0.01). The components of positive refocusing (B=0.83), perceptiveness (B=0.57), and refocus on planning (B=0.43) positively predicted mindfulness. The components of catastrophizing (B =-0.45), self-blame (B=-0.37), rumination (B=-0.24), and other-blame (B=-0.18) negatively predicted mindfulness. Conclusion: This study showed an increase in the components of acceptance, positive refocus, refocus on planning, reappraisal, and perceptiveness. Also, the rate of mindfulness increased. With an increase in catastrophizing, other-blame, self-blame, rumination, and mindfulness increased. Moreover, with an increase in anxiety, mindfulness decreased. The components of positive refocusing, perceptiveness, and refocus on planning, respectively, had the highest predictive power of mindfulness in a positive way, and the components of catastrophizing, self-blame, rumination, and other-blame, respectively, had the highest predictive power of mindfulness in a negative manner.
Background: Substance abuse is one of the main health challenges that lead to addiction and physi... more Background: Substance abuse is one of the main health challenges that lead to addiction and physical, psychological, and social issues. It can also eliminate the foundation of family and community. Objectives: The present study aimed at determining the frequency of experience of at least once abuse of addictive drugs in high school students in Hamedan, Iran. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in 2015 in high schools of Hamedan City. A self-report questionnaire was used to identify the number of cigarette smokers and other addictive substances abusers. The data were analyzed, using SPSS V. 14. Results: Out of 800 distributed questionnaires, 29 questionnaires were incomplete. In total, 18% of the students had abused addictive substances at least once. The most common substances were hookah, cigarette, and alcohol. Independent risk factors for substance abuse experience included male gender, non-governmental and vocational schools, mathematics major, history of the educational failure, an average of less than 17.00 GPA, unemployment of a student's father, and student's employment other than education. Conclusion: The prevalence of hashish (cannabis) abuse and anabolic-androgenic steroids is high in Iran and codeine is the most commonly used substance in the non-prescribed groups.
Background: Self-compassion is a construct of mental health that facilitates acceptance and under... more Background: Self-compassion is a construct of mental health that facilitates acceptance and understanding without judgment of difficult mental conditions. It is also effective in creating positive emotions and improving mental well-being. Objectives: The aim of this study is to review the concept of self-compassion in psychological health. Materials and Methods: In this review study, the international and Persian databases, such as MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, SID, PubMed, and ProQuest were searched by "title search method". Articles were surveyed without a time limit, using the keywords of "self-compassion" and "psychological health". The articles containing inclusion criteria were separately selected, reviewed, and analyzed. To extract the data, the final articles included in the process of the study were extracted based on a premade checklist. Results: Out of 54 articles, 48 were excluded because of ignoring the relationship between the "self-compassion" and "psychological health", as well as lacking a tool for controlling the psychological health and repetitiveness. Finally, 6 articles with the mentioned features were included in the study. Most review studies have shown that self-compassion increases psychological health and promotes well-being. Conclusion: As a positive construct, self-compassion includes self-kindness, social relationships, and mindfulness, and it is effective in promoting psychological health.
Background: Considering people with autism, early screening is necessary for early intervention. ... more Background: Considering people with autism, early screening is necessary for early intervention. Parents report that questionnaires are effective tools for screening autism. The short version of the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT-10) is a new scale for screening autism in toddlers. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Q-CHAT-10. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the data of the full version of Q-CHAT. We only selected data regarding 10 items, which consisted of the short version of Q-CHAT. Results: The typically developing group included 50 children with the mean age of 29.62 months, and the autism spectrum disorder group included 50 children with the mean age of 27.14 months. The mean total score was 2.1 and 6.46 for the typically developing group and the autism spectrum disorder group, respectively, which was significantly different (t[98]=-11.52, P=0.000). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the checklist was 0.78, and the test-retest reliability was 0.951 (P<0.001). The estimated area under curve was 0.935. Conclusion: The Persian version of Q-CHAT-10 has good reliability and predictive validity and it can be used for screening autism.
Introduction: Positive psychology, as a new domain of psychology, is focused on understanding and... more Introduction: Positive psychology, as a new domain of psychology, is focused on understanding and describing happiness and mental wellbeing and predicting their associated factors. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the virtue of courage scale and its relationship with social health and life quality among university students. Materials and Methods: The research method was based on tool construction and development. The statistical population consisted of 10221 students of the Islamic Azad University of Sari Branch in the 2017-2018 academic year. Of whom, a sample of 384 subjects was selected. The required data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire of psychological courage regarding Islamic scholars 'views, the 26-item World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-26) questionnaire, and the Keyes Social Health Questionnaire. Nonparametric Spearman's rank-order correlation and multiple linear regression methods were used to determine the relationships between the items. The scale's content validity was assessed by the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) indices based on Leo's Table. SPSS was used for data analysis. Results: The obtained results suggested that the value of the first factor equaled 5.47; therefore, it was a significant factor in factor analysis. In total, 7 factors explained 60.10% of the variance. The correlation coefficients between the subscales and the total score of courage, quality of life, and social health scales indicated a proper concurrent validity of the courage scale. To investigate the validity of the 31-item scale, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) was calculated, ranging from 0.83 to 0.93. Conclusion: The psychometric properties of the psychological virtue of courage scale have been supported; thus, it could be used in future research studies. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between courage, quality of life, and social health in this inventory.
Uploads
Papers by Avicenna Journal of Neuro Psycho Physiology
of the couples.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to predict psychological well-being based on marital
intimacy, resiliency, and the mental health of couples.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 150 couples
referring to the counseling centers in districts 1 and 2 of Tehran between Feb and May 2019
selected by the convenience sampling. The subjects were tested using the psychological well-being
scale, resilience scale, general health questionnaire, and marital intimacy. Data were analyzed by
the Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis using SPSS V. 22 software.
Results: The results showed a positive correlation between psychological well-being and marital
intimacy (r= 0.47, P<0.0001), whereas there was a negative correlation between psychological
well-being and the mental health components (P<0.0001). Also, the results of the regression model
showed that marital intimacy, resilience, and mental health were able to predict psychological
well-being (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that by increasing the components of psychological well-being,
marital intimacy and resilience increase, whereas by an increase in psychological well-being,
mental health problems decrease.
problems but also a decrease in educational performance.
Objectives: This study aimed at determining the behavioral and psychological factors associated
with academic performance in overweight and obese girl students in Kermanshah, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 419 overweight and obese
female high school students of Kermanshah in 2017 selected through two-stage cluster sampling.
Data were collected using the standard questionnaires, including high school students’ academic
performance, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire, Littleton’s
Body Image Concern Inventory, physical activity subscale of Walker’s Health-Promoting Lifestyle
Profile II, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Data analysis for structural equation modeling was
performed using the IBM SPSS AMOS V. 21 software.
Results: Self-esteem was found to have significant direct (β=0.412) and indirect (β=0.142) effects
on academic performance, with direct effects being stronger (P<0.001). Body image, physical
activity, general health, and sleep quality were found to have a significant direct effect on academic
performance (P<0.05). However, these factors also had a significant indirect effect on this variable
through the mediation of general health (P<0.05). Overall, these variables accounted for 35% of
the variance in academic performance.
Conclusion: Self-esteem, body image, physical activity, and sleep quality affect the academic
performance of obese and overweight girl high school students not only directly but also indirectly
through general health. The results of this study demonstrated the mediating role of mental health
in predicting the academic performance of overweight and obese girl students.
resilience by the mediating role of students’ academic adjustment.
Objectives: This was a descriptive, correlational, and path analysis study.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population consisted of all male high-school students in
Bandar-e Langeh City, Iran, in the 2017-2018 academic year (N= about 1300). Using a multistage
cluster sampling method, and Morgan and Krejcie’s Table, 400 individuals were selected. The
data-gathering instruments were Ahvaz Perfectionism Scale, Resilience Scale, and Academic
Adjustment Inventory for high school students. A path analysis was used to analyze the obtained
data by SPSS and LISREL.
Results: The present study findings suggested that perfectionism decreased the investigated
students’ resilience (B=-0.21, P<0.0001). Moreover, an educational adjustment had a mediating
role between perfectionism and resilience (B=-0.24, P<0.0001). Besides, changes in the variance of
resilience scores with the mediation of academic compatibility could be explained by perfectionism
among the studied students (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The obtained data suggested that planning to improve students’ academic adaptability
could play an essential role in increasing resilience by reducing the negative impact of their
perfectionism.
diabetes, as one of its associated illnesses, could change family reactions and interactions.
Therefore, diabetes is considered a family matter that, like other chronic diseases, affects marital
relationships.
Objectives: The present study investigated the effectiveness of transactional analysis on couple
burnout in obese women with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/ post-test and followup
as well as a control group design. The study population consisted of all married obese women
with type 2 diabetes who were members of the Gonbad-e Kavous Diabetes Association in 2018.
Of them, 40 persons were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups
(20 patients per group). Then, the experimental group received transactional analysis intervention
in 10 two-hour sessions, one session per week. The controls received no intervention during the
research period. The research instrument was the Pines Couple Burnout Measure (CBM), which
was completed by study participants in the Pre-test, Post-test, and follow-up phases. The obtained
data were analyzed by repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni posthoc
test in SPSS.
Results: The repeated-measures ANOVA results indicated that transactional analysis could
significantly decrease the couple burnout and its components, i.e. physical exhaustion, emotional
exhaustion, and mental exhaustion in the experiment group participants in the Post-test and
follow-up phases, compared to the controls (P<0.01). The effect size of the treatment was 73%
on couple fatigue, 67% on physical exhaustion, 74% on emotional exhaustion, and 60% on mental
exhaustion.
Conclusion: According to the study results, psychologists and family counselors are recommended
to implement transactional analysis as an appropriate intervention to reduce the marital problems
of obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.
internet addiction and identity crisis in senior female high school students in Falavarjan City, Iran.
Objectives: The use of the internet and social networks greatly influences the values
of adolescents and demands; the needs previously met by the family are now met
by this new medium.
Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test; post-test and a
control group design. The statistical population of this study included senior high school female
students and their parents from Falavarjan City (Isfahan Province, Iran) during the 2018-2019
academic year. Forty female high school students were selected by a multistage cluster sampling
method. Then, they and their parents were randomly assigned into the control and experimental
groups. The tools used in the study included Family Communication Patterns, Generalized
Pathological Internet Use Scale, and Identity Crisis Questionnaire. The intervention included 8
positive psychotherapy sessions for parents and 9 positive psychotherapy sessions for adolescents.
The obtained data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA).
Results: The achieved results indicated that positive psychotherapy significantly reduced internet
addiction (F=117.02, P<0.0005) and identity crisis (F=146.199, P<0.0005) in female adolescents
(P<0.0005).
Conclusion: The study findings suggested that positive psychotherapy impacted Internet addiction
and identity crisis in female senior high school students.
Research Paper:
Comparing Personality Disorders and Criminal Thinking
Styles in Male and Female Prisoners Convicted of
Violent Crimes
Mohammad Hossein Shahbahrami1 , Farideh Dokanehifard2*
1. Department of Counseling, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran.
2. Department of Psychology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran.
* Corresponding Author:
Farideh Dokanehifard, PhD.
Address: Department of Counseling, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran.
Tel: +98 (912) 1236292
E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: Crime has a history as long as humanity; issues related to offenders and prisoners,
in particular, its relation to psychiatric issues and problems, are among the most challenging and
active areas of research.
Objectives: This study aimed at comparing personality disorders and criminal thinking styles in
male and female prisoners sentenced to violent crimes.
Materials and Methods: This was a causal-comparative research. We investigated a sample of
996 prisoners convicted of violent crimes in Alborz Province, Iran, in 2017. The required data
were collected using a demographic data questionnaire, Texas Christine Criminal Thinking Style
Questionnaire, and Millon Personality Disorder Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed
using Independent Samples t-test and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANCOVA) in SPSS.
Results: The collected results revealed that the prevalence of all mental disorders was averagely
higher than the cutoff point in prisoners (P<0.0001). The MANCOVA results indicated a significant
difference in criminal thinking style between male and female prisoners convicted of violent
crimes (P<0.01, F1,200=7.324, E2=0.180).
Conclusion: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among male and female prisoners the violent
crime was higher than the average rate of society. Additionally, criminal thinking styles among
male and female prisoners committed to violent crimes were above the average rate of society.