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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | KEYS | EXIT STATUS | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
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SYSTEMD-CGTOP(1) systemd-cgtop SYSTEMD-CGTOP(1)
systemd-cgtop - Show top control groups by their resource usage
systemd-cgtop [OPTIONS...] [GROUP]
systemd-cgtop shows the top control groups of the local Linux
control group hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory, or disk I/O
load. The display is refreshed in regular intervals (by default
every 1s), similar in style to top(1). If a control group path is
specified, shows only the services of the specified control group.
If systemd-cgtop is not connected to a tty, no column headers are
printed and the default is to only run one iteration. The
--iterations= argument, if given, is honored. This mode is
suitable for scripting.
Resource usage is only accounted for control groups with the
appropriate controllers turned on: "memory" controller for memory
usage and "io" controller for disk I/O consumption. If resource
monitoring for these resources is required, it is recommended to
add the MemoryAccounting=1 and IOAccounting=1 settings in the unit
files in question. See systemd.resource-control(5) for details.
The CPU load value can be between 0 and 100 times the number of
processors the system has. For example, if the system has 8
processors, the CPU load value is going to be between 0% and 800%.
The number of processors can be found in "/proc/cpuinfo".
To emphasize: unless "MemoryAccounting=1" and "IOAccounting=1" are
enabled for the services in question, no resource accounting will
be available for system services and the data shown by
systemd-cgtop will be incomplete.
The following options are understood:
-p, --order=path
Order by control group path name.
-t, --order=tasks
Order by number of tasks/processes in the control group.
-c, --order=cpu
Order by CPU load.
-m, --order=memory
Order by memory usage.
-i, --order=io
Order by disk I/O load.
-b, --batch
Run in "batch" mode: do not accept input and run until the
iteration limit set with --iterations= is exhausted or until
killed. This mode could be useful for sending output from
systemd-cgtop to other programs or to a file.
Added in version 188.
-r, --raw
Format byte counts (as in memory usage and I/O metrics) and
CPU time with raw numeric values rather than human-readable
numbers.
Added in version 221.
--cpu=percentage, --cpu=time
Controls whether the CPU usage is shown as percentage or time.
By default, the CPU usage is shown as percentage. This setting
may also be toggled at runtime by pressing the % key.
Added in version 226.
-P
Count only userspace processes instead of all tasks. By
default, all tasks are counted: each kernel thread and each
userspace thread individually. With this setting, kernel
threads are excluded from the count and each userspace process
only counts as one task, regardless of how many threads it
consists of. This setting may also be toggled at runtime by
pressing the P key. This option may not be combined with -k.
Added in version 227.
-k
Count only userspace processes and kernel threads instead of
all tasks. By default, all tasks are counted: each kernel
thread and each userspace thread individually. With this
setting, kernel threads are included in the count and each
userspace process only counts as one task, regardless of how
many threads it consists of. This setting may also be toggled
at runtime by pressing the k key. This option may not be
combined with -P.
Added in version 226.
--recursive=
Controls whether the number of processes shown for a control
group shall include all processes that are contained in any of
the child control groups as well. Takes a boolean argument,
which defaults to "yes". If enabled, the processes in child
control groups are included, if disabled, only the processes
in the control group itself are counted. This setting may also
be toggled at runtime by pressing the r key. Note that this
setting only applies to process counting, i.e. when the -P or
-k options are used. It has no effect if all tasks are
counted, in which case the counting is always recursive.
Added in version 226.
-n, --iterations=
Perform only this many iterations. A value of 0 indicates that
the program should run indefinitely.
Added in version 188.
-1
A shortcut for --iterations=1.
Added in version 238.
-d, --delay=
Specify refresh delay in seconds (or if one of "ms", "us",
"min" is specified as unit in this time unit). This setting
may also be increased and decreased at runtime by pressing the
+ and - keys.
--depth=
Maximum control group tree traversal depth. Specifies how deep
systemd-cgtop shall traverse the control group hierarchies. If
0 is specified, only the root group is monitored. For 1, only
the first level of control groups is monitored, and so on.
Defaults to 3.
-M MACHINE, --machine=MACHINE
Limit control groups shown to the part corresponding to the
container MACHINE. This option may not be used when a control
group path is specified.
Added in version 227.
-h, --help
Print a short help text and exit.
--version
Print a short version string and exit.
systemd-cgtop is an interactive tool and may be controlled via
user input using the following keys:
h
Shows a short help text.
Space
Immediately refresh output.
Added in version 226.
q
Terminate the program.
p, t, c, m, i
Sort the control groups by path, number of tasks, CPU load,
memory usage, or I/O load, respectively. This setting may also
be controlled using the --order= command line switch.
%
Toggle between showing CPU time as time or percentage. This
setting may also be controlled using the --cpu= command line
switch.
Added in version 201.
+, -
Increase or decrease refresh delay, respectively. This setting
may also be controlled using the --delay= command line switch.
P
Toggle between counting all tasks, or only userspace
processes. This setting may also be controlled using the -P
command line switch (see above).
Added in version 227.
k
Toggle between counting all tasks, or only userspace processes
and kernel threads. This setting may also be controlled using
the -k command line switch (see above).
Added in version 226.
r
Toggle between recursively including or excluding processes in
child control groups in control group process counts. This
setting may also be controlled using the --recursive= command
line switch. This key is not available if all tasks are
counted, it is only available if processes are counted, as
enabled with the P or k keys.
Added in version 226.
On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.
systemd(1), systemctl(1), systemd-cgls(1),
systemd.resource-control(5), top(1)
This page is part of the systemd (systemd system and service
manager) project. Information about the project can be found at
⟨http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd⟩. If you have a
bug report for this manual page, see
⟨http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/#bugreports⟩.
This page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git⟩ on 2025-08-11. (At that
time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in the
repository was 2025-08-11.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there is
a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
[email protected]
systemd 258~rc2 SYSTEMD-CGTOP(1)
Pages that refer to this page: systemd-cgls(1), cgroups(7), systemd.directives(7), systemd.index(7)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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