The Java Tutorials have been written for JDK 8. Examples and practices described in this page don't take advantage of improvements introduced in later releases and might use technology no longer available.
See Dev.java for updated tutorials taking advantage of the latest releases.
See Java Language Changes for a summary of updated language features in Java SE 9 and subsequent releases.
See JDK Release Notes for information about new features, enhancements, and removed or deprecated options for all JDK releases.
For Further Reading
- Concurrent Programming in Java: Design Principles and Pattern (2nd Edition) by Doug Lea. A comprehensive work by a leading expert, who's also the architect of the Java platform's concurrency framework.
- Java Concurrency in Practice by Brian Goetz, Tim Peierls, Joshua Bloch, Joseph Bowbeer, David Holmes, and Doug Lea. A practical guide designed to be accessible to the novice.
- Effective Java Programming Language Guide (2nd Edition) by Joshua Bloch. Though this is a general programming guide, its chapter on threads contains essential "best practices" for concurrent programming.
- Concurrency: State Models & Java Programs (2nd Edition), by Jeff Magee and Jeff Kramer. An introduction to concurrent programming through a combination of modeling and practical examples.
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Java Concurrent Animated: Animations that show usage of concurrency features.